Merge branch 'vanilla-ssg' into dependabot/pip/jinja2-3.1.3

45 files changed, 6778 insertions, 75 deletions

diff --git a/Content/3D-Designs/2024-02-17-Can-Holder-Mountain-Bike.md b/Content/3D-Designs/2024-02-17-Can-Holder-Mountain-Bike.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..49378ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/3D-Designs/2024-02-17-Can-Holder-Mountain-Bike.md
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+date: 2024-02-17 18:42
+description: Carry your favourite soda (or beer) can with you while you ride
+tags: Mountain Biking, OpenSCAD
+---
+
+# Bike Soda Can Holder
+
+Ever wanted a nice craft soda, or a natty light during your ride? Mounts to the standard bottle cage holes on your bike.
+
+Printed on an Anycubic Kobra 2 (0.20mm resolution w/ 0.40mm nozzle at 40% Infill) 
+
+Download Link: [Github](https://github.com/navanchauhan/3D-Designs/tree/master/MTBCanHolder)
+
+<script type="module" src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/model-viewer/3.4.0/model-viewer.min.js"></script>
+
+<div class="wrapper">
+<model-viewer alt="Holder for standard 12oz can" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/navanchauhan/3D-Designs/master/MTBCanHolder/12ozCanHolder.glb" shadow-intensity="1" ar ar-scale="auto" camera-controls touch-action="pan-y" camera-orbit="90deg 45def auto" auto-rotate xr-environment>
+</div>
+
+<style>
+.wrapper {
+    width: 100%
+}
+
+model-viewer {
+    height: 600px;
+    width: auto;
+}
+</style>
+
+## Current Variations
+
+* Standard 12oz Can
+* 8.4 oz Red Bull holder
+
+
+The OpenSCAD code can be modified to support tall boys and stovepipe cans. Email me if you need help generating more variations
diff --git a/Content/3D-Designs/index.md b/Content/3D-Designs/index.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0375031
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/3D-Designs/index.md
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# 3D Designs
+
+I refuse to learn how to use a normal CAD software like SolidWorks. I use OpenSCAD. All of the code and exported models are stored in my GitHub Repository: [navanchauhan/3D-Designs](https://github.com/navanchauhan/3D-Designs).
diff --git a/Content/about/index.md b/Content/about/index.md
index 55fc7a5..162f311 100644
--- a/Content/about/index.md
+++ b/Content/about/index.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 date: 2003-12-21 22:32
-description: About Me!
+description: About Me
 tags: Personal
 ---
 
@@ -8,7 +8,11 @@ tags: Personal
 
 Hi!
 
-My name is Navan Chauhan. I do lots of different things. Most of the bigger projects I am working on are currently private/unlisted. Although, all of them will be open-sourced, I don't want to publish them until I am happy with the version 1.0.
+My name is Navan Chauhan. This is my small corner on the internet. Most of the bigger projects I am working on are either currently private or unlisted. Any of the cool research work I am doing also cannot be published anytime soon :(
+
+I like solving problems, no matter what field they are in. I might be a programmer by trade, but I have done way too much work in the field of drug discovery lately. I did fall in love with Math during college, and I have a special liking for probability theory. 
+
+When not in front of a screen, I can be found injuring myself mountain biking (I hate road bikers /s), skiing, or homebrewing (WLP618 for all legal purposes).
 
 Landing page with other links, and projects: [https://hi.navan.dev](https://hi.navan.dev)
 
@@ -23,7 +27,7 @@ My GPG Fingerprint:
 ## Links
 
 * [GitHub: @navanchauhan](https://github.com/navanchauhan)
-* [Mirror: Personal Instance of Gitea](https://pi4.navan.dev/gitea)
+* [Mirror: Personal Instance of Gitea](https://pi4.navan.dev/gitea) (Moving the Gitea server to another host)
 * [GoatCounter: This Website's Analytics](https://navanchauhan.goatcounter.com)
 * [Twitter: @navanchauhan](https://github.com/navanchauhan)
 * [Mastodon: @navanchauhan@mastodon.social](https://mastodon.social/@navanchauhan)
diff --git a/Content/colophon/index.md b/Content/colophon/index.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..80904b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/colophon/index.md
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Colophon
+
+This website is generated using a custom static site generator I wrote in Python. The theme is a port of [@mdo's Hyde](http://hyde.getpoole.com/), ported by the makers of [Zola](https://www.getzola.org/).
+
+All the Open Graph images are generated using Pillow and the Futura font. The math is taken care of by an extra I created for the python-markdown2 library that converts inline and block $\LaTeX$ into MathML.
+
+Since this website is currently using the `.dev` tld, there is no support for HTTP in most browsers (Since they use HSTS preloading). But if you ever find yourself on an IBM PC 5150 and need to use `hget`, that should work.
+
diff --git a/Content/index.md b/Content/index.md
index fb22d38..b85aa59 100644
--- a/Content/index.md
+++ b/Content/index.md
@@ -1 +1,6 @@
-# Navan Chauhan
+# Some Projects
+
+* [iGopherBrowser](https://web.navan.dev/iGopherBrowser): A modern Gopher client for iOS, macOS, and VisionOS. It is built on top of my [swift-gopher](https://github.com/swift-gopher) library. Available on the [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/in/app/igopherbrowser/id647463884)
+* [TimeSlicerX](https://timeslicerx.prudent.studio): A timeboxing app for iOS (and macOS) to schedule tasks around your calendar items. Everything is done on-device. Available on the [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/timeslicerx/id6447939029?uo=4)
+* [VaporwaveGenerator](https://github.com/navanchauhan/VaporwaveGenerator): A E S T H E T I C S 
+
diff --git a/Content/posts/2020-07-01-Install-rdkit-colab.md b/Content/posts/2020-07-01-Install-rdkit-colab.md
index ff5da1e..4a87bf1 100644
--- a/Content/posts/2020-07-01-Install-rdkit-colab.md
+++ b/Content/posts/2020-07-01-Install-rdkit-colab.md
@@ -6,6 +6,16 @@ tags: Tutorial, Code-Snippet, Colab
 
 # Installing RDKit on Google Colab
 
+**Update: March 2024** 
+
+`rdkit-pypi` has been deprecated in favour of `rdkit`
+
+You can simply run:
+
+```
+!pip install rdkit
+```
+
 **EDIT:** Try installing RDKit using pip
 
 ```
diff --git a/Content/posts/2024-02-26-control-element-under-another-element-html-css.md b/Content/posts/2024-02-26-control-element-under-another-element-html-css.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cbdfe6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/posts/2024-02-26-control-element-under-another-element-html-css.md
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+---
+date: 2024-02-26 11:57
+description: With CSS you can disable any interactions with an element and directly control the underlying element
+tags: HTML, CSS
+draft: false
+---
+
+# Interacting with underlying element in HTML
+
+I know that the title is a bit weird. I was trying to interact with a video under an iPhone Bezel Screen frame.
+
+```html
+<div class="row-span-2 md:col-span-1 rounded-xl border-2 border-slate-400/10 bg-neutral-100 p-4 dark:bg-neutral-900">
+    <div class="content flex flex-wrap content-center justify-center">
+        <img src="iphone-12-white.png" class="h-[60vh] z-10 absolute">
+        <!--<img src="screenshot2.jpeg" class="h-[57vh] mt-4 mr-1 rounded-[2rem]">-->
+        <video src="screenrec.mp4" class="h-[57vh] mt-4 mr-1 rounded-[2rem]" controls muted autoplay></video>
+    </div>
+</div>
+```
+
+![Video Under a Transparent Image](/assets/underlying/video-under-element.jpg)
+
+Turns out, you can disable pointer events!
+
+In Tailwind, it is as simple as adding `pointer-events-none` to the bezel screen.
+
+In CSS, this can be done by:
+
+```css
+.className {
+    pointer-events: none
+}
+```
+
+Let us try this in a simple example.
+
+## Example
+
+Here, we create a button and overlay a transparent box
+
+```html
+<div style="height: 200px; width: 300px; background-color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.4); z-index: 2; position: absolute;">
+A box with 200px height and 200px width
+</div>
+<button style="z-index: 1; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 200px;" onclick="alert('You were able to click this button')">Try clicking me</button>
+```
+
+<hr>
+
+<div style="height: 200px; width: 300px; background-color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.4); z-index: 2; position: absolute;">
+A box with 200px height and 300px width
+</div>
+<button style="z-index: 1; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 200px;" onclick="alert('You were able to click this button')">Try clicking me</button>
+<hr>
+
+As you can see, you cannot click the button because the red box comes in the way. We can fix this by adding `pointer-events: none` to the box. 
+
+```html
+<div style="height: 200px; width: 300px; background-color: rgba(0, 255, 0, 0.4); z-index: 2; position: absolute; pointer-events: none;">
+A box with 200px height and 300px width
+</div>
+<button style="z-index: 1; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 200px" onclick="alert('You were able to click this button')">Try clicking me</button>
+</div>
+```
+
+<hr>
+
+<div style="height: 200px; width: 300px; background-color: rgba(0, 255, 0, 0.4); z-index: 2; position: absolute; pointer-events: none;">
+A box with 200px height and 300px width
+</div>
+<button style="z-index: 1; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 200px" onclick="alert('You were able to click this button')">Try clicking me</button>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/Content/posts/2024-03-04-opencvjs-video-processing.md b/Content/posts/2024-03-04-opencvjs-video-processing.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf87fb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/posts/2024-03-04-opencvjs-video-processing.md
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+---
+date: 2024-03-04 12:01
+description: Real time video processing with OpenCV.js in the browser
+tags: HTML, JS, OpenCV
+draft: true
+---
+
+# Video Processing W/ OpenCV.js
+
+Note: A really weird bug you might run into when you are trying to mess around 
+and reloading the page on iOS is that OpenCV just stops loading. This is a bug in
+WebKit.:
diff --git a/Content/posts/2024-03-15-setting-up-macos-for-8088-dos-dev.md b/Content/posts/2024-03-15-setting-up-macos-for-8088-dos-dev.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..15161f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/posts/2024-03-15-setting-up-macos-for-8088-dos-dev.md
@@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
+---
+date: 2024-03-15 13:16
+description: This goes through compiling Open Watcom 2 and creating simple hello-world exampls
+tags: DOS, x86, macOS
+draft: false
+---
+
+# Cross-Compiling Hello World for DOS on macOS
+
+Technically this should work for any platform that OpenWatcom 2 supports compiling binaries for. Some instructions are based on [a post at retrocoding.net](https://retrocoding.net/openwatcom-gateway-to-ancient-world-of-x86),
+ and [John Tsiombikas's post](http://nuclear.mutantstargoat.com/articles/retrocoding/dos01-setup/#hello-world-program)
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+You should already have XCode / Command Line Tools, and Homebrew installed. To compile Open Watcom for DOS you will need DOSBox (I use DOSBox-X).
+
+```bash
+brew install --cask dosbox-x
+```
+
+## Compiling Open Watcom v2
+
+*If this process is super annoying, I might make a custom homebrew tap to build and install Open Watcom*
+
+```bash
+git clone https://github.com/open-watcom/open-watcom-v2
+cp open-watcom-v2/setvars.sh custom_setvars.sh
+```
+
+Now, edit this `setvars.sh` file. My file looks like this:
+
+```bash
+#!/bin/zsh
+export OWROOT="/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/8088Stuff/open-watcom-v2"
+export OWTOOLS=CLANG
+export OWDOCBUILD=0
+export OWGUINOBUILD=0
+export OWDISTRBUILD=0
+export OWDOSBOX="/Applications/dosbox-x.app/Contents/MacOS/dosbox-x"
+export OWOBJDIR=binbuildV01
+. "$OWROOT/cmnvars.sh"
+echo "OWROOT=$OWROOT"
+cd "$OWROOT"
+```
+
+Note, your `OWRTOOT` is definitely going to be in a different location.
+
+```bash
+source ./custom_setvars.sh
+./build.sh
+./build.sh rel
+```
+
+This will build, and then copy everything to the `rel` directory inside `open-watcom-v2` directory. Since I ran this on an Apple Silicon Mac, 
+ all the binaries for me are in the `armo64` directory. You can now move everything inside the rel folder to another location, or create a simple 
+ script to init all variables whenever you want.
+
+I like having a script called `exportVarsForDOS.sh` 
+
+```bash
+#!/bin/zsh
+
+export WATCOM=/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/8088Stuff/open-watcom-v2/rel
+export PATH=$PATH:$WATCOM/armo64
+export EDDAT=$WATCOM/eddat
+
+# For DOS 8088/8086 development
+export INCLUDE=$WATCOM/h
+export LIB=$WATCOM/lib286 # You don't really need this
+```
+
+Then, when you need to load up these variables, you can simply run `source exportVarsForDOS.sh` or `. exportVarsForDOS.sh`
+
+## Hello World
+
+### Buliding without any Makefiles
+
+Create a new file called `example1.c`
+
+```c
+#include<stdio.h>
+
+int main() {
+    printf("Hello World!");
+    return 0;
+}
+```
+
+First we compile the code:
+
+```bash
+$ wcc example1.c
+Open Watcom C x86 16-bit Optimizing Compiler
+Version 2.0 beta Mar 15 2024 13:11:55
+Copyright (c) 2002-2024 The Open Watcom Contributors. All Rights Reserved.
+Portions Copyright (c) 1984-2002 Sybase, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+Source code is available under the Sybase Open Watcom Public License.
+See https://github.com/open-watcom/open-watcom-v2#readme for details.
+example1.c: 7 lines, included 818, 0 warnings, 0 errors
+Code size: 19
+```
+
+Then, link to make an executable:
+
+```bash
+$ wlink name example1.exe system dos file example1.o
+Open Watcom Linker Version 2.0 beta Mar 15 2024 13:10:09
+Copyright (c) 2002-2024 The Open Watcom Contributors. All Rights Reserved.
+Portions Copyright (c) 1985-2002 Sybase, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+Source code is available under the Sybase Open Watcom Public License.
+See https://github.com/open-watcom/open-watcom-v2#readme for details.
+loading object files
+searching libraries
+creating a DOS executable 
+```
+
+If you want to test this executable, jump to the section titled `Testing with DOSBox-X` below.
+
+### Simple Makefile
+
+```makefile
+obj = main.o hello.o
+bin = tizts.com
+
+CC = wcc
+CFLAGS = -0
+LD = wlink
+
+$(bin): $(obj)
+	$(LD) name $@ system dos file main.o file hello.o 
+
+.c.o:
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $<
+
+clean:
+	rm $(obj) $(bin)
+```
+
+Where, `main.c`
+```c
+void hello(void);
+
+int main(void)
+{
+    hello();
+    return 0;
+}
+```
+
+and `hello.c`
+
+```c
+/* hello.c */
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+void hello(void)
+{
+    printf("Hello!");
+}
+```
+
+To compile into `tizts.com` simply run `wmake`
+
+```bash
+$ wmake
+➜  simple-cpp wmake
+Open Watcom Make Version 2.0 beta Mar 15 2024 13:10:16
+Copyright (c) 2002-2024 The Open Watcom Contributors. All Rights Reserved.
+Portions Copyright (c) 1988-2002 Sybase, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+Source code is available under the Sybase Open Watcom Public License.
+See https://github.com/open-watcom/open-watcom-v2#readme for details.
+	wcc -0 main.c
+Open Watcom C x86 16-bit Optimizing Compiler
+Version 2.0 beta Mar 15 2024 13:11:55
+Copyright (c) 2002-2024 The Open Watcom Contributors. All Rights Reserved.
+Portions Copyright (c) 1984-2002 Sybase, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+Source code is available under the Sybase Open Watcom Public License.
+See https://github.com/open-watcom/open-watcom-v2#readme for details.
+main.c(8): Warning! W138: No newline at end of file
+main.c: 8 lines, included 53, 1 warnings, 0 errors
+Code size: 12
+	wcc -0 hello.c
+Open Watcom C x86 16-bit Optimizing Compiler
+Version 2.0 beta Mar 15 2024 13:11:55
+Copyright (c) 2002-2024 The Open Watcom Contributors. All Rights Reserved.
+Portions Copyright (c) 1984-2002 Sybase, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+Source code is available under the Sybase Open Watcom Public License.
+See https://github.com/open-watcom/open-watcom-v2#readme for details.
+hello.c: 8 lines, included 818, 0 warnings, 0 errors
+Code size: 17
+	wlink name tizts.com system dos file main.o file hello.o
+Open Watcom Linker Version 2.0 beta Mar 15 2024 13:10:09
+Copyright (c) 2002-2024 The Open Watcom Contributors. All Rights Reserved.
+Portions Copyright (c) 1985-2002 Sybase, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+Source code is available under the Sybase Open Watcom Public License.
+See https://github.com/open-watcom/open-watcom-v2#readme for details.
+loading object files
+searching libraries
+creating a DOS executable
+```
+
+### Using CMake
+
+Create a file called `CMakeLists.txt`
+
+```CMake
+project(hello)
+
+set(SOURCES abc.c)
+
+add_executable(hello ${SOURCES})
+```
+
+Where, `abc.c` is:
+
+```c
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int main() {
+    printf("Does this work?");
+    return 0;
+}
+```
+
+```bash
+mkdir build
+cd build
+```
+
+And build using CMake
+
+```
+cmake -DCMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME=DOS -DCMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR=I86 -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS="-0 -bt=dos -d0 -oaxt" -G "Watcom WMake" ../..
+```
+
+There you have it. Three different ways to compile a C program on a macOS device in 2024 that can run on an IBM PC 5150 (which was released in 1981!)
+
+## Testing with DOSBox-X
+
+```bash
+cp example1.exe ~/Downloads
+/Applications/dosbox-x.app/Contents/MacOS/dosbox-x
+```
+
+In DOSBox-X we now mount the `~/Downloads` folder as our `C:` drive
+
+```
+mount C ~/Downloads
+```
+
+Switch to the C drive
+
+```
+C:
+```
+
+Run the program:
+
+```
+example1
+```
+
+![Running our program in DOSBox-X](/assets/posts/dosbox/hello-world.png)
+
+*My DOSBox setup might look slightly different than yours...*
+
+
diff --git a/Content/posts/2024-03-21-Polynomial-Regression-in-TensorFlow-2.md b/Content/posts/2024-03-21-Polynomial-Regression-in-TensorFlow-2.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6317175
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/posts/2024-03-21-Polynomial-Regression-in-TensorFlow-2.md
@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+---
+date: 2024-03-21 12:46
+description: Predicting n-th degree polynomials using TensorFlow 2.x
+tags: Tutorial, Tensorflow, Colab
+---
+
+# Polynomial Regression Using TensorFlow 2.x
+
+I have a similar post titled [Polynomial Regression Using Tensorflow](/posts/2019-12-16-TensorFlow-Polynomial-Regression.html) that used `tensorflow.compat.v1` (Which still works as of TF 2.16). But, I thought it would be nicer to redo it with newer TF versions. 
+
+I will be skipping all the introductions about polynomial regression and jumping straight to the code. Personally, I prefer using `scikit-learn` for this task.
+
+## Position vs Salary Dataset
+
+Again, we will be using https://drive.google.com/file/d/1tNL4jxZEfpaP4oflfSn6pIHJX7Pachm9/view (Salary vs Position Dataset)
+
+If you are in a Python Notebook environment like Kaggle or Google Colaboratory, you can simply run:
+```Termcap
+!wget --no-check-certificate 'https://docs.google.com/uc?export=download&id=1tNL4jxZEfpaP4oflfSn6pIHJX7Pachm9' -O data.csv
+```
+
+## Code
+
+If you just want to copy-paste the code, scroll to the bottom for the entire snippet. Here I will try and walk through setting up code for a 3rd-degree (cubic) polynomial
+
+### Imports
+
+```python
+import pandas as pd
+import tensorflow as tf
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+import numpy as np
+```
+
+### Reading the Dataset
+
+```python
+df = pd.read_csv("data.csv")
+```
+
+### Variables and Constants
+
+Here, we initialize the X and Y values as constants, since they are not going to change. The coefficients are defined as variables.
+
+```python
+X = tf.constant(df["Level"], dtype=tf.float32)
+Y = tf.constant(df["Salary"], dtype=tf.float32)
+
+coefficients = [tf.Variable(np.random.randn() * 0.01, dtype=tf.float32) for _ in range(4)]
+```
+
+Here, `X` and `Y` are the values from our dataset. We initialize the coefficients for the equations as small random values.
+
+These coefficients are evaluated by Tensorflow's `tf.math.poyval` function which returns the n-th order polynomial based on how many coefficients are passed. Since our list of coefficients contains 4 different variables, it will be evaluated as:
+
+```
+y = (x**3)*coefficients[3] + (x**2)*coefficients[2] + (x**1)*coefficients[1] (x**0)*coefficients[0]
+``` 
+
+Which is equivalent to the general cubic equation:
+
+<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@4.0.0-beta.4/tex-mml-chtml.js" id="MathJax-script"></script>
+<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@4.0.0-beta.4/input/tex/extensions/noerrors.js" charset="UTF-8"></script>
+
+$$
+y = ax^3 + bx^2 + cx + d
+$$
+
+### Optimizer Selection & Training
+
+```python
+optimizer = tf.keras.optimizers.Adam(learning_rate=0.3)
+num_epochs = 10_000
+
+for epoch in range(num_epochs):
+    with tf.GradientTape() as tape:
+        y_pred = tf.math.polyval(coefficients, X)
+        loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(y - y_pred))
+    grads = tape.gradient(loss, coefficients)
+    optimizer.apply_gradients(zip(grads, coefficients))
+    if (epoch+1) % 1000 == 0:
+        print(f"Epoch: {epoch+1}, Loss: {loss.numpy()}"
+```
+
+In TensorFlow 1, we would have been using `tf.Session` instead. 
+
+Here we are using `GradientTape()` instead, to keep track of the loss evaluation and coefficients. This is crucial, as our optimizer needs these gradients to be able to optimize our coefficients. 
+
+Our loss function is Mean Squared Error (MSE):
+
+$$
+= \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{n}{(Y\_i - \hat{Y\_i})^2}
+$$
+
+Where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><msub><mi>Y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false" style="math-style:normal;math-depth:0;">^</mo></mover></math> is the predicted value and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>Y</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math> is the actual value
+
+### Plotting Final Coefficients
+
+```python
+final_coefficients = [c.numpy() for c in coefficients]
+print("Final Coefficients:", final_coefficients)
+
+plt.plot(df["Level"], df["Salary"], label="Original Data")
+plt.plot(df["Level"],[tf.math.polyval(final_coefficients, tf.constant(x, dtype=tf.float32)).numpy() for x in df["Level"]])
+plt.ylabel('Salary')
+plt.xlabel('Position')
+plt.title("Salary vs Position")
+plt.show()
+```
+
+
+## Code Snippet for a Polynomial of Degree N
+
+### Using Gradient Tape
+
+This should work regardless of the Keras backend version (2 or 3)
+
+```python
+import tensorflow as tf
+import numpy as np
+import pandas as pd
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+
+df = pd.read_csv("data.csv")
+
+############################
+## Change Parameters Here ##
+############################
+x_column = "Level"         #
+y_column = "Salary"        #
+degree = 2                 #
+learning_rate = 0.3        #
+num_epochs = 25_000        #
+############################
+
+X = tf.constant(df[x_column], dtype=tf.float32)
+Y = tf.constant(df[y_column], dtype=tf.float32)
+
+coefficients = [tf.Variable(np.random.randn() * 0.01, dtype=tf.float32) for _ in range(degree + 1)]
+
+optimizer = tf.keras.optimizers.Adam(learning_rate=learning_rate)
+
+for epoch in range(num_epochs):
+    with tf.GradientTape() as tape:
+        y_pred = tf.math.polyval(coefficients, X)
+        loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(Y - y_pred))
+    grads = tape.gradient(loss, coefficients)
+    optimizer.apply_gradients(zip(grads, coefficients))
+    if (epoch+1) % 1000 == 0:
+        print(f"Epoch: {epoch+1}, Loss: {loss.numpy()}")
+
+final_coefficients = [c.numpy() for c in coefficients]
+print("Final Coefficients:", final_coefficients)
+
+print("Final Equation:", end=" ")
+for i in range(degree+1):
+  print(f"{final_coefficients[i]} * x^{degree-i}", end=" + " if i < degree else "\n")
+
+plt.plot(X, Y, label="Original Data")
+plt.plot(X,[tf.math.polyval(final_coefficients, tf.constant(x, dtype=tf.float32)).numpy() for x in df[x_column]]), label="Our Poynomial"
+plt.ylabel(y_column)
+plt.xlabel(x_column)
+plt.title(f"{x_column} vs {y_column}")
+plt.legend()
+plt.show()
+```
+
+### Without Gradient Tape
+
+This relies on the Optimizer's `minimize` function and uses the `var_list` parameter to update the variables.
+
+This will not work with Keras 3 backend in TF 2.16.0 and above unless you switch to the legacy backend.
+
+```python
+import tensorflow as tf
+import numpy as np
+import pandas as pd
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+
+df = pd.read_csv("data.csv")
+
+############################
+## Change Parameters Here ##
+############################
+x_column = "Level"         #
+y_column = "Salary"        #
+degree = 2                 #
+learning_rate = 0.3        #
+num_epochs = 25_000        #
+############################
+
+X = tf.constant(df[x_column], dtype=tf.float32)
+Y = tf.constant(df[y_column], dtype=tf.float32)
+
+coefficients = [tf.Variable(np.random.randn() * 0.01, dtype=tf.float32) for _ in range(degree + 1)]
+
+optimizer = tf.keras.optimizers.Adam(learning_rate=learning_rate)
+
+def loss_function():
+  pred_y = tf.math.polyval(coefficients, X)
+  return tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(pred_y - Y))
+
+for epoch in range(num_epochs):
+    optimizer.minimize(loss_function, var_list=coefficients)
+    if (epoch+1) % 1000 == 0:
+        current_loss = loss_function().numpy()
+        print(f"Epoch {epoch+1}: Training Loss: {current_loss}")
+
+final_coefficients = coefficients.numpy()
+print("Final Coefficients:", final_coefficients)
+
+print("Final Equation:", end=" ")
+for i in range(degree+1):
+  print(f"{final_coefficients[i]} * x^{degree-i}", end=" + " if i < degree else "\n")
+
+plt.plot(X, Y, label="Original Data")
+plt.plot(X,[tf.math.polyval(final_coefficients, tf.constant(x, dtype=tf.float32)).numpy() for x in df[x_column]], label="Our Polynomial")
+plt.ylabel(y_column)
+plt.xlabel(x_column)
+plt.legend()
+plt.title(f"{x_column} vs {y_column}")
+plt.show()
+```
+
+
+As always, remember to tweak the parameters and choose the correct model for the job. A polynomial regression model might not even be the best model for this particular dataset.
+
+## Further Programming
+
+How would you modify this code to use another type of nonlinear regression? Say, 
+
+$$ y = ab^x $$
+
+Hint: Your loss calculation would be similar to:
+
+```python
+bx = tf.pow(coefficients[1], X)
+pred_y = tf.math.multiply(coefficients[0], bx)
+loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(pred_y - Y))
+```
+
+
diff --git a/Content/posts/2024-03-26-Derivation-of-the-Quadratic-Equation.md b/Content/posts/2024-03-26-Derivation-of-the-Quadratic-Equation.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0435a6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/posts/2024-03-26-Derivation-of-the-Quadratic-Equation.md
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+---
+date: 2024-03-26 15:36
+description: Quick derivation of the quadratic equation by completing the square 
+tags: mathematics 
+---
+
+# Quadratic Formula Derivation
+
+The standard form of a quadratic equation is:
+
+$$
+ax^2 + bx + c = 0
+$$
+
+Here, $a, b, c \in \mathbb{R}$, and $a \neq 0$
+
+We begin by first dividing both sides by the coefficient $a$
+
+$$
+\implies x^2 + \frac{b}{a}x + \frac{c}{a} = 0
+$$
+
+We can rearrange the equation:
+
+$$
+x^2 + \frac{b}{a}x = - \frac{c}{a}
+$$
+
+We can then use the method of completing the square. ([Maths is Fun](https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/completing-square.html) has a really good explanation for this technique)
+
+$$
+x^2 + \frac{b}{a}x + (\frac{b}{2a})^2 = \frac{-c}{a} + (\frac{b}{2a})^2
+$$
+
+On our LHS, we can clearly recognize that it is the expanded form of $(x + d)^2$ i.e $x^2 + 2x\cdot d + d^2$
+
+$$
+\implies (x + \frac{b}{2a})^2 = \frac{-c}{a} + \frac{b^2}{4a^2} = \frac{-4ac + b^2}{4a^2}
+$$
+
+Taking the square root of both sides
+
+$$
+\begin{align*}
+x + \frac{b}{2a} &= \frac{\sqrt{-4ac + b^2}}{2a} \\
+x &= \frac{\pm \sqrt{-4ac + b^2} - b}{2a} \\
+&= \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}
+\end{align*}
+$$
+
+This gives you the world famous quadratic formula:
+
+$$
+x = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}
+$$
diff --git a/Content/posts/2024-03-28-Running-ADFRSuite-on-arm64-Macs.md b/Content/posts/2024-03-28-Running-ADFRSuite-on-arm64-Macs.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f43f15c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Content/posts/2024-03-28-Running-ADFRSuite-on-arm64-Macs.md
@@ -0,0 +1,379 @@
+---
+date: 2024-03-28 20:12
+description: Fixing ADFRsuite on M1/MX chip Macs - CLI Tools
+tags: macOS, Cheminformatics
+---
+
+# Fixing ADFRSuite for Apple Silicon
+
+We are going to be running everything through Rosetta 2. I am confident that if I had access to the original source code, I could find a way to run everything natively. 
+
+These are the following issues that we will be fixing in this part:
+
+* “python2.7” cannot be opened because the developer cannot be verified.
+* OpenBabel Error
+* Segmentation fault while running the [redocking tutorial](https://ccsb.scripps.edu/adcp/tutorial-redocking/)
+
+For the sake of simplicity, I am assuming that I am running all these commands in the folder `~/Developer/scrippstuff/`
+
+## Installing Rosetta 2
+
+We are going to run all of these steps in the terminal
+
+```bash
+/usr/sbin/softwareupdate --install-rosetta --agree-to-license
+```
+
+### Install Homebrew for x86
+
+Both versions of homebrew (x86 and arm64) can peacefully coexist on your system.
+
+From now on, every command should be run in a terminal session that starts with this as the first command:
+
+```bash
+arch -x86_64 zsh
+```
+
+Now, we can install homebrew:
+
+```bash
+/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"
+```
+
+Here is my output:
+
+``` bash
+➜  scrippstuff uname -a
+Darwin Navans-MacBook-Pro.local 23.3.0 Darwin Kernel Version 23.3.0: Wed Dec 20 21:31:00 PST 2023; root:xnu-10002.81.5~7/RELEASE_ARM64_T6020 x86_64
+➜  scrippstuff /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"
+==> Checking for `sudo` access (which may request your password)...
+Password:
+==> This script will install:
+/usr/local/bin/brew
+/usr/local/share/doc/homebrew
+/usr/local/share/man/man1/brew.1
+/usr/local/share/zsh/site-functions/_brew
+/usr/local/etc/bash_completion.d/brew
+/usr/local/Homebrew
+==> The following new directories will be created:
+/usr/local/Cellar
+/usr/local/Caskroom
+
+Press RETURN/ENTER to continue or any other key to abort:
+==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/mkdir -p /usr/local/Cellar /usr/local/Caskroom
+==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/chmod ug=rwx /usr/local/Cellar /usr/local/Caskroom
+==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/chown navanchauhan /usr/local/Cellar /usr/local/Caskroom
+==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/bin/chgrp admin /usr/local/Cellar /usr/local/Caskroom
+==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/chown -R navanchauhan:admin /usr/local/Homebrew
+==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/mkdir -p /Users/navanchauhan/Library/Caches/Homebrew
+==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/chmod g+rwx /Users/navanchauhan/Library/Caches/Homebrew
+==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/chown -R navanchauhan /Users/navanchauhan/Library/Caches/Homebrew
+==> Downloading and installing Homebrew...
+remote: Enumerating objects: 47, done.
+remote: Counting objects: 100% (47/47), done.
+remote: Compressing objects: 100% (19/19), done.
+remote: Total 47 (delta 28), reused 47 (delta 28), pack-reused 0
+Unpacking objects: 100% (47/47), 6.11 KiB | 223.00 KiB/s, done.
+From https://github.com/Homebrew/brew
+ + 18ebdd8c8f...67a096fcbb tapioca-compiler-for-tty-rbi -> origin/tapioca-compiler-for-tty-rbi  (forced update)
+Switched to and reset branch 'stable'
+==> Updating Homebrew...
+==> Installation successful!
+
+==> Homebrew has enabled anonymous aggregate formulae and cask analytics.
+Read the analytics documentation (and how to opt-out) here:
+  https://docs.brew.sh/Analytics
+No analytics data has been sent yet (nor will any be during this install run).
+
+==> Homebrew is run entirely by unpaid volunteers. Please consider donating:
+  https://github.com/Homebrew/brew#donations
+
+==> Next steps:
+- Run these two commands in your terminal to add Homebrew to your PATH:
+    (echo; echo 'eval "$(/usr/local/bin/brew shellenv)"') >> /Users/navanchauhan/.zprofile
+    eval "$(/usr/local/bin/brew shellenv)"
+- Run brew help to get started
+- Further documentation:
+    https://docs.brew.sh
+```
+
+At this point, you don't need to edit your `zshrc` or `zsh_profile`.
+
+### Install pyenv
+
+The reason we are installing pyenv is because it is easier to build Python 2.7.18 from scratch than messing around with codesigning and quarantine bs on macOS.
+
+```bash
+➜  scrippstuff brew install pyenv
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/pyenv/manifests/2.3.36
+############################################################################################################################################################### 100.0%
+==> Fetching dependencies for pyenv: m4, autoconf, ca-certificates, openssl@3, pkg-config and readline
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/m4/manifests/1.4.19
+############################################################################################################################################################### 100.0%
+==> Fetching m4
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/m4/blobs/sha256:8434a67a4383836b2531a6180e068640c5b482ee6781b673d65712e4fc86ca76
+############################################################################################################################################################### 100.0%
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/autoconf/manifests/2.72
+############################################################################################################################################################### 100.0%
+==> Fetching autoconf
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/autoconf/blobs/sha256:12368e33b89d221550ba9e261b0c6ece0b0e89250fb4c95169d09081e0ebb2dd
+############################################################################################################################################################### 100.0%
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/ca-certificates/manifests/2024-03-11
+############################################################################################################################################################### 100.0%
+==> Fetching ca-certificates
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/ca-certificates/blobs/sha256:cab828953672906e00a8f25db751977b8dc4115f021f8dfe82b644ade03dacdb
+############################################################################################################################################################### 100.0%
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/openssl/3/manifests/3.2.1-1
+############################################################################################################################################################### 100.0%
+==> Fetching openssl@3
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/openssl/3/blobs/sha256:ef8211c5115fc85f01261037f8fea76cc432b92b4fb23bc87bbf41e9198fcc0f
+############################################################################################################################################################### 100.0%
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/pkg-config/manifests/0.29.2_3
+############################################################################################################################################################### 100.0%
+==> Fetching pkg-config
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/pkg-config/blobs/sha256:421571f340277c62c5cc6fd68737bd7c4e085de113452ea49b33bcd46509bb12
+############################################################################################################################################################### 100.0%
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/readline/manifests/8.2.10
+############################################################################################################################################################### 100.0%
+==> Fetching readline
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/readline/blobs/sha256:9796e0ff1cc29ae7e75d8fc1a3e2c5e8ae2aeade8d9d59a16363306bf6c5b8f4
+############################################################################################################################################################### 100.0%
+==> Fetching pyenv
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/pyenv/blobs/sha256:d117a99ed53502aff29109bfa366693ca623f2326e1e6b4db68fef7b7f63eeba
+############################################################################################################################################################### 100.0%
+==> Installing dependencies for pyenv: m4, autoconf, ca-certificates, openssl@3, pkg-config and readline
+==> Installing pyenv dependency: m4
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/m4/manifests/1.4.19
+Already downloaded: /Users/navanchauhan/Library/Caches/Homebrew/downloads/5b2a7f715487b7377e409e8ca58569040cd89f33859f691210c58d94410fd33b--m4-1.4.19.bottle_manifest.json
+==> Pouring m4--1.4.19.sonoma.bottle.tar.gz
+🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/m4/1.4.19: 13 files, 739.9KB
+==> Installing pyenv dependency: autoconf
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/autoconf/manifests/2.72
+Already downloaded: /Users/navanchauhan/Library/Caches/Homebrew/downloads/b73cdb320c4261bbf8d02d03e50dc755c869c5859c1d4e93616898fc7cd939ff--autoconf-2.72.bottle_manifest.json
+==> Pouring autoconf--2.72.sonoma.bottle.tar.gz
+🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/autoconf/2.72: 71 files, 3.6MB
+==> Installing pyenv dependency: ca-certificates
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/ca-certificates/manifests/2024-03-11
+Already downloaded: /Users/navanchauhan/Library/Caches/Homebrew/downloads/c431e0186df2ccc2ea942b34a3c26c2cebebec8e07ad6abdae48447a52c5f506--ca-certificates-2024-03-11.bottle_manifest.json
+==> Pouring ca-certificates--2024-03-11.all.bottle.tar.gz
+==> Regenerating CA certificate bundle from keychain, this may take a while...
+🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/ca-certificates/2024-03-11: 3 files, 229.6KB
+==> Installing pyenv dependency: openssl@3
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/openssl/3/manifests/3.2.1-1
+Already downloaded: /Users/navanchauhan/Library/Caches/Homebrew/downloads/f7b6e249843882452d784a8cbc4e19231186230b9e485a2a284d5c1952a95ec2--openssl@3-3.2.1-1.bottle_manifest.json
+==> Pouring openssl@3--3.2.1.sonoma.bottle.1.tar.gz
+🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/openssl@3/3.2.1: 6,874 files, 32.5MB
+==> Installing pyenv dependency: pkg-config
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/pkg-config/manifests/0.29.2_3
+Already downloaded: /Users/navanchauhan/Library/Caches/Homebrew/downloads/ac691fc7ab8ecffba32a837e7197101d271474a3a84cfddcc30c9fd6763ab3c6--pkg-config-0.29.2_3.bottle_manifest.json
+==> Pouring pkg-config--0.29.2_3.sonoma.bottle.tar.gz
+🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/pkg-config/0.29.2_3: 11 files, 656.4KB
+==> Installing pyenv dependency: readline
+==> Downloading https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/readline/manifests/8.2.10
+Already downloaded: /Users/navanchauhan/Library/Caches/Homebrew/downloads/4ddd52803319828799f1932d4c7fa8d11c667049b20a56341c0c19246a1be93b--readline-8.2.10.bottle_manifest.json
+==> Pouring readline--8.2.10.sonoma.bottle.tar.gz
+🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/readline/8.2.10: 50 files, 1.7MB
+==> Installing pyenv
+==> Pouring pyenv--2.3.36.sonoma.bottle.tar.gz
+🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/pyenv/2.3.36: 1,158 files, 3.4MB
+==> Running `brew cleanup pyenv`...
+Disable this behaviour by setting HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP.
+Hide these hints with HOMEBREW_NO_ENV_HINTS (see `man brew`).
+```
+
+And, build the last version of Python 2.7
+
+```bash
+➜  scrippstuff PYENV_ROOT="~/Developer/scrippstuff" pyenv install 2.7.18
+python-build: use openssl from homebrew
+python-build: use readline from homebrew
+Downloading Python-2.7.18.tar.xz...
+-> https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.18/Python-2.7.18.tar.xz
+Installing Python-2.7.18...
+patching file configure
+patching file configure.ac
+patching file setup.py
+patching file 'Mac/Tools/pythonw.c'
+patching file setup.py
+patching file 'Doc/library/ctypes.rst'
+patching file 'Lib/test/test_str.py'
+patching file 'Lib/test/test_unicode.py'
+patching file 'Modules/_ctypes/_ctypes.c'
+patching file 'Modules/_ctypes/callproc.c'
+patching file 'Modules/_ctypes/ctypes.h'
+patching file 'Modules/_ctypes/callproc.c'
+patching file setup.py
+patching file 'Mac/Modules/qt/setup.py'
+patching file setup.py
+python-build: use readline from homebrew
+python-build: use zlib from xcode sdk
+Installed Python-2.7.18 to /Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/~/Developer/scrippstuff/versions/2.7.18
+```
+
+Test the new installation:
+
+```bash
+➜  scrippstuff ~/Developer/scrippstuff/\~/Developer/scrippstuff/versions/2.7.18/bin/python2.7
+Python 2.7.18 (default, Mar 28 2024, 20:47:13)
+[GCC Apple LLVM 15.0.0 (clang-1500.1.0.2.5)] on darwin
+Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
+>>> from random import randint
+>>> randint(0,10)
+6
+>>> exit()
+```
+
+Now, we can compress this newly created Python version into a `tar.gz` file to replace the one provided in ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0.tar.gz. Don't forget the `.` at the end
+
+```bash
+➜  scrippstuff tar -C ./\~/Developer/scrippstuff/versions/2.7.18 -czf new.tar.gz .
+```
+
+## Install ADFRsuite
+
+If you don't already have the tarball, you can download it by:
+
+```bash
+$ curl -o adfr.tar.gz https://ccsb.scripps.edu/adfr/download/1033/
+```
+
+Uncompress it
+
+```bash
+$ tar -xvzf adfr.tar.gz
+```
+
+Replace the provided Python archive with the one we created:
+
+```bash
+$ cd ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0
+$ mv new.tar.gz Python2.7.tar.gz
+```
+
+Note: For some reason simply copying it doesn't work and you need to use `mv`
+
+Just to not mess with anything else, I will be installing everything in a folder called `clean_install`
+
+```bash
+$ mkdir clean_install
+$ ./install.sh -d clean_install
+...
+ ADFRsuite installation complete.
+To run agfr, agfrgui, adfr, autosite, about, pythonsh scripts located at:
+/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/bin
+add  /Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/bin to the path environment variable in .cshrc or .bashrc:
+.cshrc:
+set path = (/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/bin $path)
+
+.bashrc:
+export PATH=/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/bin:$PATH
+```
+
+Now, to test `agfr`, first run the command (replacing `navanchauhan` with yout username)
+
+```bash
+$ export PATH=/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/bin:$PATH
+$ agfr
+➜  ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0 agfr
+==============================
+*** Open Babel Error  in openLib
+  /Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/lib/openbabel/2.4.1/acesformat.so did not load properly.
+ Error: dlopen(/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/lib/openbabel/2.4.1/acesformat.so, 0x0009): Library not loaded: /opt/X11/lib/libcairo.2.dylib
+  Referenced from: <24174F3E-2670-79AC-4F26-F8B49774194A> /Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/lib/openbabel/2.4.1/acesformat.so
+  Reason: tried: '/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/lib/libcairo.2.dylib' (no such file), '/opt/X11/lib/libcairo.2.dylib' (no such file), '/System/Volumes/Preboot/Cryptexes/OS/opt/X11/lib/libcairo.2.dylib' (no such file), '/opt/X11/lib/libcairo.2.dylib' (no such file), '/usr/local/lib/libcairo.2.dylib' (no such file), '/usr/lib/libcairo.2.dylib' (no such file, not in dyld cache)
+==============================
+```
+
+
+## Fixing `Open Babel Error`
+
+```bash
+$ brew install cairo
+```
+
+## Completing the re-docking tutorial
+
+### Dowbloading the dataset
+
+```bash
+$ curl -o tutorial-data.zip https://ccsb.scripps.edu/adcp/download/1063/
+$ unzip tutorial-data.zip
+$ cd ADCP_tutorial_data/3Q47
+```
+
+### Conversion to PDBQT
+
+```bash
+$ reduce 3Q47_rec.pdb > 3Q47_recH.pdb
+$ reduce 3Q47_pep.pdb > 3Q47_pepH.pdb
+```
+
+### Preparing Receptor
+
+```
+$ prepare_receptor -r 3Q47_recH.pdb
+$ prepare_ligand -l 3Q47_pepH.pdb
+```
+
+### Generate Target File
+
+```bash
+$ agfr -r 3Q47_recH.pdbqt -l 3Q47_pepH.pdbqt -asv 1.1 -o 3Q47
+➜  3Q47 agfr -r 3Q47_recH.pdbqt -l 3Q47_pepH.pdbqt -asv 1.1 -o 3Q47
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+  File "/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/CCSBpckgs/ADFR/bin/runAGFR.py", line 36, in <module>
+    from ADFR.utils.runAGFR import runAGFR
+  File "/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/CCSBpckgs/ADFR/utils/runAGFR.py", line 41, in <module>
+    from ADFR.utils.maps import flexResStr2flexRes
+  File "/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/CCSBpckgs/ADFR/utils/maps.py", line 35, in <module>
+    from ADFRcc.adfr import GridMap
+  File "/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/CCSBpckgs/ADFRcc/__init__.py", line 34, in <module>
+    from ADFRcc.adfr import Parameters
+  File "/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/CCSBpckgs/ADFRcc/adfr.py", line 43, in <module>
+    import ADFRcc.adfrcc as CPP
+  File "/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/CCSBpckgs/ADFRcc/adfrcc.py", line 28, in <module>
+    _adfrcc = swig_import_helper()
+  File "/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/CCSBpckgs/ADFRcc/adfrcc.py", line 24, in swig_import_helper
+    _mod = imp.load_module('_adfrcc', fp, pathname, description)
+ImportError: dlopen(/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/CCSBpckgs/ADFRcc/_adfrcc.so, 0x0002): Library not loaded: /Users/Shared/mgltoolsDev/src/homebrew/opt/gcc/lib/gcc/8/libgomp.1.dylib
+  Referenced from: <424BF61E-BF0F-351E-B546-E82EBBD8FBF5> /Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/CCSBpckgs/ADFRcc/_adfrcc.so
+  Reason: tried: '/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0/clean_install/lib/libgomp.1.dylib' (no such file), '/Users/Shared/mgltoolsDev/src/homebrew/opt/gcc/lib/gcc/8/libgomp.1.dylib' (no such file), '/System/Volumes/Preboot/Cryptexes/OS/Users/Shared/mgltoolsDev/src/homebrew/opt/gcc/lib/gcc/8/libgomp.1.dylib' (no such file), '/Users/Shared/mgltoolsDev/src/homebrew/opt/gcc/lib/gcc/8/libgomp.1.dylib' (no such file), '/usr/local/lib/libgomp.1.dylib' (no such file), '/usr/lib/libgomp.1.dylib' (no such file, not in dyld cache)
+➜  3Q47
+```
+
+Sometimes this error is simply outputted as a segmentation fault. But, it is because it cannot find the `libgomp.1.dylib`. I haven't tested using a newer version of GCC to make it work. Building GCC 8 yourself is absolutely painful. We are going to use a copy generated by the homebrew team.
+
+```bash
+$ cd ../../
+$ pwd
+/Users/navanchauhan/Developer/scrippstuff/ADFRsuite_x86_64Darwin_1.0
+$ curl -L -H "Authorization: Bearer QQ==" -o gcc8amd64.tar.gz https://ghcr.io/v2/homebrew/core/gcc/8/blobs/sha256:438d5902e5f21a5e8acb5920f1f5684ecfe0c645247d46c8d44c2bbe435966b2
+$ tar -xzf gcc8amd64.tar.gz
+$ cp -r gcc@8/8.5.0/lib/gcc/8/* clean_install/lib/
+```
+
+Now, we should be able to go back and run the target generation command:
+
+```bash
+$ cd ADCP_tutorial_data/3Q47
+$ agfr -r 3Q47_recH.pdbqt -l 3Q47_pepH.pdbqt -asv 1.1 -o 3Q47
+#################################################################
+# If you used AGFR in your work, please cite:                   #
+#                                                               #
+# P.A. Ravindranath S. Forli, D.S. Goodsell, A.J. Olson and     #
+# M.F. Sanner                                                   #
+# AutoDockFR: Advances in Protein-Ligand Docking with           #
+...
+```
+
+### Docking Peptide
+
+```bash
+$ adcp -t 3Q47.trg -s npisdvd -N 20 -n 1000000 -o 3Q47_redocking -ref 3Q47_pepH.pdb
+```
+
+There you have it. Running ADCP on the newest macOS version against all odds.
+
+I haven't yet looked into fixing/patching `agfrgui` as I don't use the software. But, if someone reallllly needs to run it on Apple Silicon, I am happy to take a look at monkeypatching it.
+
+In case years down the line the prebuilt version of GCC 8 is not available, let me know so I can replace the link with my mirror.
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a67831f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Makefile
+
+
+scss:
+	sass sass/c-hyde.scss Resources/assets/c-hyde.css
+
+generate:
+	python3 generate_me.py
+
+all: scss generate
+
+clean:
+	rm -r docs/*
diff --git a/Resources/DallE3Base/posts/2023-10-04-bomb-lab.png b/Resources/DallE3Base/posts/2023-10-04-bomb-lab.png
index e022194..9774404 100644
--- a/Resources/DallE3Base/posts/2023-10-04-bomb-lab.png
+++ b/Resources/DallE3Base/posts/2023-10-04-bomb-lab.png
diff --git a/Resources/DallE3Base/posts/2023-10-05-attack-lab.png b/Resources/DallE3Base/posts/2023-10-05-attack-lab.png
index aa4deae..f6f4e3e 100644
--- a/Resources/DallE3Base/posts/2023-10-05-attack-lab.png
+++ b/Resources/DallE3Base/posts/2023-10-05-attack-lab.png
diff --git a/Resources/DallE3Base/posts/2023-10-22-search-by-flair-reddit.png b/Resources/DallE3Base/posts/2023-10-22-search-by-flair-reddit.png
index 320d583..65ba9da 100644
--- a/Resources/DallE3Base/posts/2023-10-22-search-by-flair-reddit.png
+++ b/Resources/DallE3Base/posts/2023-10-22-search-by-flair-reddit.png
diff --git a/Resources/assets/bomb-lab/phase-3.png b/Resources/assets/bomb-lab/phase-3.png
index b247a5b..18a9f6b 100644
--- a/Resources/assets/bomb-lab/phase-3.png
+++ b/Resources/assets/bomb-lab/phase-3.png
diff --git a/Resources/assets/c-hyde.css b/Resources/assets/c-hyde.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f82afd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Resources/assets/c-hyde.css
@@ -0,0 +1,808 @@
+/* 
+Latex CSS 
+*/
+@font-face {
+  font-family: "Latin Modern";
+  font-style: normal;
+  font-weight: normal;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url("/assets/fonts/LM-regular.woff2") format("woff2"), url("/assets/fonts/LM-regular.woff") format("woff"), url("/assets/fonts/LM-regular.ttf") format("truetype");
+}
+@font-face {
+  font-family: "Latin Modern";
+  font-style: italic;
+  font-weight: normal;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url("/assets/LM-italic.woff2") format("woff2"), url("LM-italic.woff") format("woff"), url("/assets/fonts/LM-italic.ttf") format("truetype");
+}
+@font-face {
+  font-family: "Latin Modern";
+  font-style: normal;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url("/assets/fonts/LM-bold.woff2") format("woff2"), url("/assets/fonts/LM-bold.woff") format("woff"), url("/assets/fonts/LM-bold.ttf") format("truetype");
+}
+@font-face {
+  font-family: "Latin Modern";
+  font-style: italic;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url("/assets/fonts/LM-bold-italic.woff2") format("woff2"), url("/assets/fonts/LM-bold-italic.woff") format("woff"), url("/assets/fonts/LM-bold-italic.ttf") format("truetype");
+}
+@font-face {
+  font-family: "Libertinus";
+  font-style: normal;
+  font-weight: normal;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url("/assets/fonts/Libertinus-regular.woff2") format("woff2");
+}
+@font-face {
+  font-family: "Libertinus";
+  font-style: italic;
+  font-weight: normal;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url("/assets/fonts/Libertinus-italic.woff2") format("woff2");
+}
+@font-face {
+  font-family: "Libertinus";
+  font-style: normal;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url("/assets/fonts/Libertinus-bold.woff2") format("woff2");
+}
+@font-face {
+  font-family: "Libertinus";
+  font-style: italic;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url("/assets/fonts/Libertinus-bold-italic.woff2") format("woff2");
+}
+@font-face {
+  font-family: "Libertinus";
+  font-style: normal;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url("/assets/fonts/Libertinus-semibold.woff2") format("woff2");
+}
+@font-face {
+  font-family: "Libertinus";
+  font-style: italic;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url("/assets/fonts/Libertinus-semibold-italic.woff2") format("woff2");
+}
+/*
+Port of @mdo's Hyde Theme by Zola
+
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2017 Vincent Prouillet
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+*/
+/*
+ *                        ___
+ *                       /\_ \
+ *  _____     ___     ___\//\ \      __
+ * /\ '__`\  / __`\  / __`\\ \ \   /'__`\
+ * \ \ \_\ \/\ \_\ \/\ \_\ \\_\ \_/\  __/
+ *  \ \ ,__/\ \____/\ \____//\____\ \____\
+ *   \ \ \/  \/___/  \/___/ \/____/\/____/
+ *    \ \_\
+ *     \/_/
+ *
+ * Designed, built, and released under MIT license by @mdo. Learn more at
+ * https://github.com/poole/poole.
+ */
+/*
+ * Contents
+ *
+ * Body resets
+ * Custom type
+ * Messages
+ * Container
+ * Masthead
+ * Posts and pages
+ * Footnotes
+ * Pagination
+ * Reverse layout
+ * Themes
+ */
+/*
+ * Body resets
+ *
+ * Update the foundational and global aspects of the page.
+ */
+* {
+  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
+  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+}
+
+html,
+body {
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+}
+
+html {
+  font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+  font-size: 16px;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 38em) {
+  html {
+    font-size: 20px;
+  }
+}
+body {
+  color: #515151;
+  background-color: #fff;
+  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
+  -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;
+}
+
+/* No `:visited` state is required by default (browsers will use `a`) */
+a {
+  color: #268bd2;
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+/* `:focus` is linked to `:hover` for basic accessibility */
+a:hover,
+a:focus {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+/* Headings */
+h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
+  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  line-height: 1.25;
+  color: #313131;
+  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
+}
+
+h1 {
+  font-size: 2rem;
+}
+
+h2 {
+  margin-top: 1rem;
+  font-size: 1.5rem;
+}
+
+h3 {
+  margin-top: 1.5rem;
+  font-size: 1.25rem;
+}
+
+h4, h5, h6 {
+  margin-top: 1rem;
+  font-size: 1rem;
+}
+
+/* Body text */
+p {
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+}
+
+strong {
+  color: #303030;
+}
+
+/* Lists */
+ul, ol, dl {
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+}
+
+dt {
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+dd {
+  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
+}
+
+/* Misc */
+hr {
+  position: relative;
+  margin: 1.5rem 0;
+  border: 0;
+  border-top: 1px solid #eee;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid #fff;
+}
+
+abbr {
+  font-size: 85%;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  color: #555;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+}
+
+abbr[title] {
+  cursor: help;
+  border-bottom: 1px dotted #e5e5e5;
+}
+
+/* Code */
+code,
+pre {
+  font-family: Menlo, Monaco, "Courier New", monospace;
+}
+
+code {
+  padding: 0.25em 0.5em;
+  font-size: 85%;
+  color: #bf616a;
+  background-color: #f9f9f9;
+  border-radius: 3px;
+}
+
+pre {
+  display: block;
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  padding: 1rem;
+  font-size: 0.8rem;
+  line-height: 1.4;
+  overflow-x: scroll;
+  background-color: #f9f9f9;
+}
+
+pre code {
+  padding: 0;
+  font-size: 100%;
+  color: inherit;
+  background-color: transparent;
+}
+
+.highlight {
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+}
+
+.highlight pre {
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+/* Quotes */
+blockquote {
+  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
+  margin: 0.8rem 0;
+  color: #7a7a7a;
+  border-left: 0.25rem solid #e5e5e5;
+}
+
+blockquote p:last-child {
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 30em) {
+  blockquote {
+    padding-right: 5rem;
+    padding-left: 1.25rem;
+  }
+}
+img {
+  display: block;
+  margin: 0 0 1rem;
+  border-radius: 5px;
+  max-width: 100%;
+}
+
+/* Tables */
+table {
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  width: 100%;
+  border: 1px solid #e5e5e5;
+  border-collapse: collapse;
+}
+
+td,
+th {
+  padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
+  border: 1px solid #e5e5e5;
+}
+
+tbody tr:nth-child(odd) td,
+tbody tr:nth-child(odd) th {
+  background-color: #f9f9f9;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Custom type
+ *
+ * Extend paragraphs with `.lead` for larger introductory text.
+ */
+.lead {
+  font-size: 1.25rem;
+  font-weight: 300;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Messages
+ *
+ * Show alert messages to users. You may add it to single elements like a `<p>`,
+ * or to a parent if there are multiple elements to show.
+ */
+.message {
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  padding: 1rem;
+  color: #717171;
+  background-color: #f9f9f9;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Container
+ *
+ * Center the page content.
+ */
+.container {
+  max-width: 38rem;
+  padding-left: 1rem;
+  padding-right: 1rem;
+  margin-left: auto;
+  margin-right: auto;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Masthead
+ *
+ * Super small header above the content for site name and short description.
+ */
+.masthead {
+  padding-top: 1rem;
+  padding-bottom: 1rem;
+  margin-bottom: 3rem;
+}
+
+.masthead-title {
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+  color: #505050;
+}
+
+.masthead-title a {
+  color: #505050;
+}
+
+.masthead-title small {
+  font-size: 75%;
+  font-weight: 400;
+  color: #c0c0c0;
+  letter-spacing: 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Posts and pages
+ *
+ * Each post is wrapped in `.post` and is used on default and post layouts. Each
+ * page is wrapped in `.page` and is only used on the page layout.
+ */
+.page,
+.post {
+  margin-bottom: 4em;
+}
+
+/* Blog post or page title */
+.page-title,
+.post-title,
+.post-title a {
+  color: #303030;
+}
+
+.page-title,
+.post-title {
+  margin-top: 0;
+}
+
+/* Meta data line below post title */
+.post-date {
+  display: block;
+  margin-top: -0.5rem;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  color: #9a9a9a;
+}
+
+/* Related posts */
+.related {
+  padding-top: 2rem;
+  padding-bottom: 2rem;
+  border-top: 1px solid #eee;
+}
+
+.related-posts {
+  padding-left: 0;
+  list-style: none;
+}
+
+.related-posts h3 {
+  margin-top: 0;
+}
+
+.related-posts li small {
+  font-size: 75%;
+  color: #999;
+}
+
+.related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #268bd2;
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+.related-posts li a:hover small {
+  color: inherit;
+}
+
+/* Footnotes */
+.footnote-definition:first-of-type {
+  border-top: 1px solid;
+  padding-top: 1rem;
+}
+
+.footnote-definition {
+  margin-top: 1rem;
+}
+
+.footnote-definition sup {
+  margin-left: -1rem;
+  float: left;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Pagination
+ *
+ * Super lightweight (HTML-wise) blog pagination. `span`s are provide for when
+ * there are no more previous or next posts to show.
+ */
+.pagination {
+  overflow: hidden; /* clearfix */
+  margin-left: -1rem;
+  margin-right: -1rem;
+  font-family: "PT Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+  color: #ccc;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+
+/* Pagination items can be `span`s or `a`s */
+.pagination-item {
+  display: block;
+  padding: 1rem;
+  border: 1px solid #eee;
+}
+
+.pagination-item:first-child {
+  margin-bottom: -1px;
+}
+
+/* Only provide a hover state for linked pagination items */
+a.pagination-item:hover {
+  background-color: #f5f5f5;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 30em) {
+  .pagination {
+    margin: 3rem 0;
+  }
+  .pagination-item {
+    float: left;
+    width: 50%;
+  }
+  .pagination-item:first-child {
+    margin-bottom: 0;
+    border-top-left-radius: 4px;
+    border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;
+  }
+  .pagination-item:last-child {
+    margin-left: -1px;
+    border-top-right-radius: 4px;
+    border-bottom-right-radius: 4px;
+  }
+}
+/*
+ *  __                  __
+ * /\ \                /\ \
+ * \ \ \___   __  __   \_\ \     __
+ *  \ \  _ `\/\ \/\ \  /'_` \  /'__`\
+ *   \ \ \ \ \ \ \_\ \/\ \_\ \/\  __/
+ *    \ \_\ \_\/`____ \ \___,_\ \____\
+ *     \/_/\/_/`/___/> \/__,_ /\/____/
+ *                /\___/
+ *                \/__/
+ *
+ * Designed, built, and released under MIT license by @mdo. Learn more at
+ * https://github.com/poole/hyde.
+ */
+/*
+ * Contents
+ *
+ * Global resets
+ * Sidebar
+ * Container
+ * Reverse layout
+ * Themes
+ */
+/*
+ * Global resets
+ *
+ * Update the foundational and global aspects of the page.
+ */
+html {
+  font-family: "PT Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 48em) {
+  html {
+    font-size: 16px;
+  }
+}
+@media (min-width: 58em) {
+  html {
+    font-size: 20px;
+  }
+}
+/*
+ * Sidebar
+ *
+ * Flexible banner for housing site name, intro, and "footer" content. Starts
+ * out above content in mobile and later moves to the side with wider viewports.
+ */
+.sidebar {
+  text-align: center;
+  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
+  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
+  background-color: #202020;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 48em) {
+  .sidebar {
+    position: fixed;
+    top: 0;
+    left: 0;
+    bottom: 0;
+    width: 18rem;
+    text-align: left;
+  }
+}
+/* Sidebar links */
+.sidebar a {
+  color: #fff;
+}
+
+/* About section */
+.sidebar-about h1 {
+  color: #fff;
+  margin-top: 0;
+  font-family: "Abril Fatface", serif;
+  font-size: 3.25rem;
+}
+
+.sidebar-nav {
+  padding-left: 0;
+  list-style: none;
+  font-size: 80%;
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: row;
+  justify-content: space-evenly;
+}
+
+/* Sidebar nav */
+@media (min-width: 48em) {
+  .sidebar-nav {
+    flex-direction: column;
+  }
+}
+.sidebar-nav-item {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+a.sidebar-nav-item:hover,
+a.sidebar-nav-item:focus {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+.sidebar-nav-item.active {
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+/* Sticky sidebar
+ *
+ * Add the `sidebar-sticky` class to the sidebar's container to affix it the
+ * contents to the bottom of the sidebar in tablets and up.
+ */
+@media (min-width: 48em) {
+  .sidebar-sticky {
+    position: absolute;
+    right: 1rem;
+    bottom: 1rem;
+    left: 1rem;
+  }
+  @supports (padding: max(0px)) {
+    body:not(.layout-reverse) .sidebar-sticky {
+      padding-left: max(1rem, env(safe-area-inset-left));
+    }
+    .layout-reverse .sidebar-sticky {
+      padding-right: max(1rem, env(safe-area-inset-right));
+    }
+  }
+}
+/* Container
+ *
+ * Align the contents of the site above the proper threshold with some margin-fu
+ * with a 25%-wide `.sidebar`.
+ */
+.content {
+  padding-top: 4rem;
+  padding-bottom: 4rem;
+}
+
+@supports (padding: max(0px)) {
+  body:not(.layout-reverse) .content {
+    padding-right: max(1rem, env(safe-area-inset-right));
+  }
+  .layout-reverse .content {
+    padding-left: max(1rem, env(safe-area-inset-left));
+  }
+}
+@media (min-width: 48em) {
+  .content {
+    max-width: 38rem;
+    margin-left: 20rem;
+    margin-right: 2rem;
+  }
+}
+@media (min-width: 64em) {
+  .content {
+    margin-left: 22rem;
+    margin-right: 4rem;
+  }
+}
+/*
+ * Reverse layout
+ *
+ * Flip the orientation of the page by placing the `.sidebar` on the right.
+ */
+@media (min-width: 48em) {
+  .layout-reverse .sidebar {
+    left: auto;
+    right: 0;
+  }
+  .layout-reverse .content {
+    margin-left: 2rem;
+    margin-right: 20rem;
+  }
+}
+@media (min-width: 64em) {
+  .layout-reverse .content {
+    margin-left: 4rem;
+    margin-right: 22rem;
+  }
+}
+/*
+ * Themes
+ *
+ * As of v1.1, Hyde includes optional themes to color the sidebar and links
+ * within blog posts. To use, add the class of your choosing to the `body`.
+ */
+/* Base16 (http://chriskempson.github.io/base16/#default) */
+/* Red */
+.theme-base-08 .sidebar {
+  background-color: #ac4142;
+}
+
+.theme-base-08 .content a,
+.theme-base-08 .related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #ac4142;
+}
+
+/* Orange */
+.theme-base-09 .sidebar {
+  background-color: #d28445;
+}
+
+.theme-base-09 .content a,
+.theme-base-09 .related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #d28445;
+}
+
+/* Yellow */
+.theme-base-0a .sidebar {
+  background-color: #f4bf75;
+}
+
+.theme-base-0a .content a,
+.theme-base-0a .related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #f4bf75;
+}
+
+/* Green */
+.theme-base-0b .sidebar {
+  background-color: #90a959;
+}
+
+.theme-base-0b .content a,
+.theme-base-0b .related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #90a959;
+}
+
+/* Cyan */
+.theme-base-0c .sidebar {
+  background-color: #75b5aa;
+}
+
+.theme-base-0c .content a,
+.theme-base-0c .related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #75b5aa;
+}
+
+/* Blue */
+.theme-base-0d .sidebar {
+  background-color: #6a9fb5;
+}
+
+.theme-base-0d .content a,
+.theme-base-0d .related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #6a9fb5;
+}
+
+/* Magenta */
+.theme-base-0e .sidebar {
+  background-color: #aa759f;
+}
+
+.theme-base-0e .content a,
+.theme-base-0e .related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #aa759f;
+}
+
+/* Brown */
+.theme-base-0f .sidebar {
+  background-color: #8f5536;
+}
+
+.theme-base-0f .content a,
+.theme-base-0f .related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #8f5536;
+}
+
+/* LaTeX Style Reset */
+body.libertinus {
+  font-family: "Libertinus", Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
+}
+
+body {
+  font-family: "Latin Modern", Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
+  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
+}
+
+/* Additional */
+.copyright {
+  font-size: 60%;
+  font-family: "PT Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+}
+
+.lead {
+  font-family: "PT Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+}
+
+/*# sourceMappingURL=c-hyde.css.map */
diff --git a/Resources/assets/c-hyde.css.map b/Resources/assets/c-hyde.css.map
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a350ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Resources/assets/c-hyde.css.map
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":3,"sourceRoot":"","sources":["../../sass/c-hyde.scss"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAIA;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;;AAKF;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;;AAKF;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;;AAKF;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;;AAKF;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;;AAGF;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;;AAGF;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;;AAGF;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;;AAGF;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;;AAGF;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;;AAIF;AAAA;;AAAA;;AAAA;;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;;AAAA;AAAA;;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AA2BA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAgBA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAgBA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAMA;EACE;EACG;EACK;;;AAGV;AAAA;EAEE;EACA;;;AAGF;EACE;EACA;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;IACE;;;AAIJ;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACI;;;AAGN;AACA;EACE;EACA;;;AAEF;AACA;AAAA;EAEE;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;;;AAEF;EACE;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;EACA;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;EACA;;;AAGF;EACE;;;AAIF;AACA;EACE;EACA;;;AAGF;EACE;;;AAEF;EACE;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;;;AAGF;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;EACA;;;AAGF;AACA;AAAA;EAEE;;;AAEF;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;;;AAEF;EACE;IACE;IACA;;;AAIJ;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;;;AAEF;AAAA;EAEE;EACA;;;AAEF;AAAA;EAEE;;;AAIF;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAMA;EACE;EACA;;;AAIF;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAOA;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;;;AAIF;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAMA;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;;;AAIF;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAMA;EACE;EACA;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;EACA;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;;;AAEF;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;;;AAIF;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAOA;AAAA;EAEE;;;AAGF;AACA;AAAA;AAAA;EAGE;;;AAEF;AAAA;EAEE;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;EACA;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;;;AAEF;EACE;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;;;AAIF;AACA;EACE;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;;;AAEF;EACE;EACA;;;AAIF;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAOA;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;EACA;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;;;AAGF;EACE;IACE;;EAEF;IACE;IACA;;EAEF;IACE;IACA;IACA;;EAEF;IACE;IACA;IACA;;;AAIJ;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAgBA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAWA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAMA;EACE;;;AAEF;EACE;IACE;;;AAGJ;EACE;IACE;;;AAKJ;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAOA;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;;;AAEF;EACE;IACE;IACA;IACA;IACA;IACA;IACA;;;AAIJ;AACA;EACE;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;;;AAGF;EACE;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;EACA;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;IACE;;;AAIJ;EACE;;;AAEF;AAAA;EAEE;;;AAEF;EACE;;;AAGF;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAMA;EACE;IACE;IACA;IACA;IACA;;EAIF;IACE;MAEI;;IAGJ;MAGI;;;;AAMR;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAMA;EACE;EACA;;;AAGF;EACE;IAEI;;EAGJ;IAEI;;;AAKN;EACE;IACE;IACA;IACA;;;AAIJ;EACE;IACE;IACA;;;AAKJ;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAMA;EACE;IACE;IACA;;EAEF;IACE;IACA;;;AAIJ;EACE;IACE;IACA;;;AAMJ;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAOA;AAEA;AACA;EACE;;;AAEF;AAAA;EAEE;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;;;AAEF;AAAA;EAEE;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;;;AAEF;AAAA;EAEE;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;;;AAEF;AAAA;EAEE;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;;;AAEF;AAAA;EAEE;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;;;AAEF;AAAA;EAEE;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;;;AAEF;AAAA;EAEE;;;AAGF;AACA;EACE;;;AAEF;AAAA;EAEE;;;AAIF;AAEA;EACE;;;AAGF;EACE;EACA;;;AAIF;AAEA;EACE;EACA;;;AAGF;EACE","file":"c-hyde.css"}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Resources/assets/posts/dosbox/hello-world.png b/Resources/assets/posts/dosbox/hello-world.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38fde84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Resources/assets/posts/dosbox/hello-world.png
diff --git a/Resources/assets/posts/reddit-flair-search.png b/Resources/assets/posts/reddit-flair-search.png
index 53cba31..dbe5835 100644
--- a/Resources/assets/posts/reddit-flair-search.png
+++ b/Resources/assets/posts/reddit-flair-search.png
diff --git a/Resources/assets/underlying/video-under-element.jpg b/Resources/assets/underlying/video-under-element.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b5e7c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Resources/assets/underlying/video-under-element.jpg
diff --git a/Resources/assets/y-u-n-o/ssyw.png b/Resources/assets/y-u-n-o/ssyw.png
index b6085c7..c26775c 100644
--- a/Resources/assets/y-u-n-o/ssyw.png
+++ b/Resources/assets/y-u-n-o/ssyw.png
diff --git a/Resources/images/opengraph/3D-Designs/2024-02-17-Can-Holder-Mountain-Bike.png b/Resources/images/opengraph/3D-Designs/2024-02-17-Can-Holder-Mountain-Bike.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..93c2dea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Resources/images/opengraph/3D-Designs/2024-02-17-Can-Holder-Mountain-Bike.png
diff --git a/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2023-10-04-bomb-lab.png b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2023-10-04-bomb-lab.png
index 551900e..39293e5 100644
--- a/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2023-10-04-bomb-lab.png
+++ b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2023-10-04-bomb-lab.png
diff --git a/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2023-10-05-attack-lab.png b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2023-10-05-attack-lab.png
index 2097209..8c8e94a 100644
--- a/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2023-10-05-attack-lab.png
+++ b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2023-10-05-attack-lab.png
diff --git a/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2023-10-22-search-by-flair-reddit.png b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2023-10-22-search-by-flair-reddit.png
index 91e8370..9655f79 100644
--- a/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2023-10-22-search-by-flair-reddit.png
+++ b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2023-10-22-search-by-flair-reddit.png
diff --git a/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2023-11-28-shell-lab.png b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2023-11-28-shell-lab.png
index 5ca7100..0ab3eed 100644
--- a/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2023-11-28-shell-lab.png
+++ b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2023-11-28-shell-lab.png
diff --git a/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-01-05-hello-20224.png b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-01-05-hello-20224.png
index 00590c8..4cc3b5b 100644
--- a/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-01-05-hello-20224.png
+++ b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-01-05-hello-20224.png
diff --git a/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-02-26-control-element-under-another-element-html-css.png b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-02-26-control-element-under-another-element-html-css.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..309a3ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-02-26-control-element-under-another-element-html-css.png
diff --git a/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-03-04-opencvjs-video-processing.png b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-03-04-opencvjs-video-processing.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2d3312
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-03-04-opencvjs-video-processing.png
diff --git a/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-03-15-setting-up-macos-for-8088-dos-dev.png b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-03-15-setting-up-macos-for-8088-dos-dev.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d93ef9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-03-15-setting-up-macos-for-8088-dos-dev.png
diff --git a/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-03-21-Polynomial-Regression-in-TensorFlow-2.png b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-03-21-Polynomial-Regression-in-TensorFlow-2.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a908beb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-03-21-Polynomial-Regression-in-TensorFlow-2.png
diff --git a/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-03-26-Derivation-of-the-Quadratic-Equation.png b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-03-26-Derivation-of-the-Quadratic-Equation.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..757565f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-03-26-Derivation-of-the-Quadratic-Equation.png
diff --git a/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-03-28-Running-ADFRSuite-on-arm64-Macs.png b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-03-28-Running-ADFRSuite-on-arm64-Macs.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb77530
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Resources/images/opengraph/posts/2024-03-28-Running-ADFRSuite-on-arm64-Macs.png
diff --git a/generate_me.py b/generate_me.py
index fa39bf9..736cece 100644
--- a/generate_me.py
+++ b/generate_me.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from markdown2 import Markdown
+from markdown3 import Markdown
 import os
 from jinja2 import Environment, FileSystemLoader
 from distutils.dir_util import copy_tree
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import email.utils
 from helper_libs.image_utils import ImageText
 from PIL import Image
 
+import re
+
 templates = Environment(loader=FileSystemLoader("templates"))
 src_folder = "Content"
 out_folder = "docs"
@@ -28,9 +30,13 @@ md = Markdown(
         "task_list",
         "tables",
         "target-blank-links",
+        "header-ids",
+        "latex",
     ]
 )
 
+# h1 tag regex ignoring any attributes
+h1_tag = re.compile(r"<h1[^>]*>(.*?)</h1>")
 
 def render_markdown_post(
     html, metadata=None, template="post.html", posts=[], title=None
@@ -83,7 +89,7 @@ for x in os.walk(src_folder):
                     fpath = os.path.join(x[0], y)
                     with open(fpath) as f:
                         _html = md.convert(f.read())
-                        _post_title = _html[4 : _html.find("</h1>")]
+                        _post_title = re.search(h1_tag, _html).group(1)
                         _post = _html.metadata
                         _post["title"] = _post_title
                         _post["link"] = fpath.replace(src_folder, "").replace(
diff --git a/markdown3.py b/markdown3.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..599a25f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/markdown3.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3852 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Trent Mick.
+# Copyright (c) 2007-2008 ActiveState Corp.
+# License: MIT (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+r"""A fast and complete Python implementation of Markdown.
+
+[from http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/]
+> Markdown is a text-to-HTML filter; it translates an easy-to-read /
+> easy-to-write structured text format into HTML.  Markdown's text
+> format is most similar to that of plain text email, and supports
+> features such as headers, *emphasis*, code blocks, blockquotes, and
+> links.
+>
+> Markdown's syntax is designed not as a generic markup language, but
+> specifically to serve as a front-end to (X)HTML. You can use span-level
+> HTML tags anywhere in a Markdown document, and you can use block level
+> HTML tags (like <div> and <table> as well).
+
+Module usage:
+
+    >>> import markdown2
+    >>> markdown2.markdown("*boo!*")  # or use `html = markdown_path(PATH)`
+    u'<p><em>boo!</em></p>\n'
+
+    >>> markdowner = Markdown()
+    >>> markdowner.convert("*boo!*")
+    u'<p><em>boo!</em></p>\n'
+    >>> markdowner.convert("**boom!**")
+    u'<p><strong>boom!</strong></p>\n'
+
+This implementation of Markdown implements the full "core" syntax plus a
+number of extras (e.g., code syntax coloring, footnotes) as described on
+<https://github.com/trentm/python-markdown2/wiki/Extras>.
+"""
+
+cmdln_desc = """A fast and complete Python implementation of Markdown, a
+text-to-HTML conversion tool for web writers.
+
+Supported extra syntax options (see -x|--extras option below and
+see <https://github.com/trentm/python-markdown2/wiki/Extras> for details):
+
+* admonitions: Enable parsing of RST admonitions.
+* breaks: Control where hard breaks are inserted in the markdown.
+  Options include:
+  - on_newline: Replace single new line characters with <br> when True
+  - on_backslash: Replace backslashes at the end of a line with <br>
+* break-on-newline: Alias for the on_newline option in the breaks extra.
+* code-friendly: Disable _ and __ for em and strong.
+* cuddled-lists: Allow lists to be cuddled to the preceding paragraph.
+* fenced-code-blocks: Allows a code block to not have to be indented
+  by fencing it with '```' on a line before and after. Based on
+  <http://github.github.com/github-flavored-markdown/> with support for
+  syntax highlighting.
+* footnotes: Support footnotes as in use on daringfireball.net and
+  implemented in other Markdown processors (tho not in Markdown.pl v1.0.1).
+* header-ids: Adds "id" attributes to headers. The id value is a slug of
+  the header text.
+* highlightjs-lang: Allows specifying the language which used for syntax
+  highlighting when using fenced-code-blocks and highlightjs.
+* html-classes: Takes a dict mapping html tag names (lowercase) to a
+  string to use for a "class" tag attribute. Currently only supports "img",
+  "table", "thead", "pre", "code", "ul" and "ol" tags. Add an issue if you require
+  this for other tags.
+* link-patterns: Auto-link given regex patterns in text (e.g. bug number
+  references, revision number references).
+* markdown-in-html: Allow the use of `markdown="1"` in a block HTML tag to
+  have markdown processing be done on its contents. Similar to
+  <http://michelf.com/projects/php-markdown/extra/#markdown-attr> but with
+  some limitations.
+* metadata: Extract metadata from a leading '---'-fenced block.
+  See <https://github.com/trentm/python-markdown2/issues/77> for details.
+* middle-word-em: Allows or disallows emphasis syntax in the middle of words,
+  defaulting to allow. Disabling this means that `this_text_here` will not be
+  converted to `this<em>text</em>here`.
+* nofollow: Add `rel="nofollow"` to add `<a>` tags with an href. See
+  <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nofollow>.
+* numbering: Support of generic counters.  Non standard extension to
+  allow sequential numbering of figures, tables, equations, exhibits etc.
+* pyshell: Treats unindented Python interactive shell sessions as <code>
+  blocks.
+* smarty-pants: Replaces ' and " with curly quotation marks or curly
+  apostrophes.  Replaces --, ---, ..., and . . . with en dashes, em dashes,
+  and ellipses.
+* spoiler: A special kind of blockquote commonly hidden behind a
+  click on SO. Syntax per <http://meta.stackexchange.com/a/72878>.
+* strike: text inside of double tilde is ~~strikethrough~~
+* tag-friendly: Requires atx style headers to have a space between the # and
+  the header text. Useful for applications that require twitter style tags to
+  pass through the parser.
+* tables: Tables using the same format as GFM
+  <https://help.github.com/articles/github-flavored-markdown#tables> and
+  PHP-Markdown Extra <https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/#table>.
+* toc: The returned HTML string gets a new "toc_html" attribute which is
+  a Table of Contents for the document. (experimental)
+* use-file-vars: Look for an Emacs-style markdown-extras file variable to turn
+  on Extras.
+* wiki-tables: Google Code Wiki-style tables. See
+  <http://code.google.com/p/support/wiki/WikiSyntax#Tables>.
+* wavedrom: Support for generating Wavedrom digital timing diagrams
+* xml: Passes one-liner processing instructions and namespaced XML tags.
+"""
+
+# Dev Notes:
+# - Python's regex syntax doesn't have '\z', so I'm using '\Z'. I'm
+#   not yet sure if there implications with this. Compare 'pydoc sre'
+#   and 'perldoc perlre'.
+
+__version_info__ = (2, 4, 14)
+__version__ = '.'.join(map(str, __version_info__))
+__author__ = "Trent Mick"
+
+import argparse
+import codecs
+import logging
+import re
+import sys
+from collections import defaultdict, OrderedDict
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+import functools
+from hashlib import sha256
+from random import randint, random
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+from enum import IntEnum, auto
+
+if sys.version_info[1] < 9:
+    from typing import Iterable
+else:
+    from collections.abc import Iterable
+
+# ---- globals
+
+DEBUG = False
+log = logging.getLogger("markdown")
+
+DEFAULT_TAB_WIDTH = 4
+
+
+SECRET_SALT = bytes(randint(0, 1000000))
+# MD5 function was previously used for this; the "md5" prefix was kept for
+# backwards compatibility.
+def _hash_text(s):
+    return 'md5-' + sha256(SECRET_SALT + s.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()[32:]
+
+# Table of hash values for escaped characters:
+g_escape_table = dict([(ch, _hash_text(ch))
+    for ch in '\\`*_{}[]()>#+-.!'])
+
+# Ampersand-encoding based entirely on Nat Irons's Amputator MT plugin:
+#   http://bumppo.net/projects/amputator/
+_AMPERSAND_RE = re.compile(r'&(?!#?[xX]?(?:[0-9a-fA-F]+|\w+);)')
+
+
+# ---- exceptions
+class MarkdownError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+# ---- public api
+
+def markdown_path(path, encoding="utf-8",
+                  html4tags=False, tab_width=DEFAULT_TAB_WIDTH,
+                  safe_mode=None, extras=None, link_patterns=None,
+                  footnote_title=None, footnote_return_symbol=None,
+                  use_file_vars=False):
+    fp = codecs.open(path, 'r', encoding)
+    text = fp.read()
+    fp.close()
+    return Markdown(html4tags=html4tags, tab_width=tab_width,
+                    safe_mode=safe_mode, extras=extras,
+                    link_patterns=link_patterns,
+                    footnote_title=footnote_title,
+                    footnote_return_symbol=footnote_return_symbol,
+                    use_file_vars=use_file_vars).convert(text)
+
+
+def markdown(text, html4tags=False, tab_width=DEFAULT_TAB_WIDTH,
+             safe_mode=None, extras=None, link_patterns=None,
+             footnote_title=None, footnote_return_symbol=None,
+             use_file_vars=False, cli=False):
+    return Markdown(html4tags=html4tags, tab_width=tab_width,
+                    safe_mode=safe_mode, extras=extras,
+                    link_patterns=link_patterns,
+                    footnote_title=footnote_title,
+                    footnote_return_symbol=footnote_return_symbol,
+                    use_file_vars=use_file_vars, cli=cli).convert(text)
+
+
+class Stage(IntEnum):
+    PREPROCESS = auto()
+    HASH_HTML = auto()
+    LINK_DEFS = auto()
+
+    BLOCK_GAMUT = auto()
+    HEADERS = auto()
+    LISTS = auto()
+    CODE_BLOCKS = auto()
+    BLOCK_QUOTES = auto()
+    PARAGRAPHS = auto()
+
+    SPAN_GAMUT = auto()
+    CODE_SPANS = auto()
+    ESCAPE_SPECIAL = auto()
+    LINKS = auto()  # and auto links
+    ITALIC_AND_BOLD = auto()
+
+    POSTPROCESS = auto()
+    UNHASH_HTML = auto()
+
+
+def mark_stage(stage: Stage):
+    '''
+    Decorator that handles executing relevant `Extra`s before and after this `Stage` executes.
+    '''
+    def wrapper(func):
+        @functools.wraps(func)
+        def inner(md: 'Markdown', text, *args, **kwargs):
+            md.stage = stage
+            # set "order" prop so extras can tell if they're being invoked before/after the stage
+            md.order = stage - 0.5
+
+            if stage in Extra._exec_order:
+                for klass in Extra._exec_order[stage][0]:
+                    if klass.name not in md.extra_classes:
+                        continue
+                    extra = md.extra_classes[klass.name]
+                    if extra.test(text):
+                        text = extra.run(text)
+
+            md.order = stage
+            text = func(md, text, *args, **kwargs)
+            md.order = stage + 0.5
+
+            if stage in Extra._exec_order:
+                for klass in Extra._exec_order[stage][1]:
+                    if klass.name not in md.extra_classes:
+                        continue
+                    extra = md.extra_classes[klass.name]
+                    if extra.test(text):
+                        text = extra.run(text)
+
+            return text
+
+        return inner
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+class Markdown(object):
+    # The dict of "extras" to enable in processing -- a mapping of
+    # extra name to argument for the extra. Most extras do not have an
+    # argument, in which case the value is None.
+    #
+    # This can be set via (a) subclassing and (b) the constructor
+    # "extras" argument.
+    extras = None
+    # dict of `Extra` names and associated class instances, populated during _setup_extras
+    extra_classes = None
+
+    urls = None
+    titles = None
+    html_blocks = None
+    html_spans = None
+    html_removed_text = "{(#HTML#)}"  # placeholder removed text that does not trigger bold
+    html_removed_text_compat = "[HTML_REMOVED]"  # for compat with markdown.py
+
+    _toc = None
+
+    # Used to track when we're inside an ordered or unordered list
+    # (see _ProcessListItems() for details):
+    list_level = 0
+
+    stage: Stage
+    '''Current "stage" of markdown conversion taking place'''
+    order: int
+    '''
+    Same as `Stage` but will be +/- 0.5 of the value of `Stage`.
+    This allows extras to check if they are running before or after a particular stage
+    with `if md.order < md.stage`.
+    '''
+
+    _ws_only_line_re = re.compile(r"^[ \t]+$", re.M)
+
+    def __init__(self, html4tags=False, tab_width=4, safe_mode=None,
+                 extras=None, link_patterns=None,
+                 footnote_title=None, footnote_return_symbol=None,
+                 use_file_vars=False, cli=False):
+        if html4tags:
+            self.empty_element_suffix = ">"
+        else:
+            self.empty_element_suffix = " />"
+        self.tab_width = tab_width
+        self.tab = tab_width * " "
+
+        # For compatibility with earlier markdown2.py and with
+        # markdown.py's safe_mode being a boolean,
+        #   safe_mode == True -> "replace"
+        if safe_mode is True:
+            self.safe_mode = "replace"
+        else:
+            self.safe_mode = safe_mode
+
+        # Massaging and building the "extras" info.
+        if self.extras is None:
+            self.extras = {}
+        elif not isinstance(self.extras, dict):
+            self.extras = dict([(e, None) for e in self.extras])
+        if extras:
+            if not isinstance(extras, dict):
+                extras = dict([(e, None) for e in extras])
+            self.extras.update(extras)
+        assert isinstance(self.extras, dict)
+
+        if "toc" in self.extras:
+            if "header-ids" not in self.extras:
+                self.extras["header-ids"] = None   # "toc" implies "header-ids"
+
+            if self.extras["toc"] is None:
+                self._toc_depth = 6
+            else:
+                self._toc_depth = self.extras["toc"].get("depth", 6)
+
+        if 'header-ids' in self.extras:
+            if not isinstance(self.extras['header-ids'], dict):
+                self.extras['header-ids'] = {
+                    'mixed': False,
+                    'prefix': self.extras['header-ids'],
+                    'reset-count': True
+                }
+
+        if 'break-on-newline' in self.extras:
+            self.extras.setdefault('breaks', {})
+            self.extras['breaks']['on_newline'] = True
+
+        if 'link-patterns' in self.extras:
+            # allow link patterns via extras dict without kwarg explicitly set
+            link_patterns = link_patterns or extras['link-patterns']
+            if link_patterns is None:
+                # if you have specified that the link-patterns extra SHOULD
+                # be used (via self.extras) but you haven't provided anything
+                # via the link_patterns argument then an error is raised
+                raise MarkdownError("If the 'link-patterns' extra is used, an argument for 'link_patterns' is required")
+            self.extras['link-patterns'] = link_patterns
+
+        self._instance_extras = self.extras.copy()
+        self.link_patterns = link_patterns
+        self.footnote_title = footnote_title
+        self.footnote_return_symbol = footnote_return_symbol
+        self.use_file_vars = use_file_vars
+        self._outdent_re = re.compile(r'^(\t|[ ]{1,%d})' % tab_width, re.M)
+        self.cli = cli
+
+        self._escape_table = g_escape_table.copy()
+        self._code_table = {}
+        if "smarty-pants" in self.extras:
+            self._escape_table['"'] = _hash_text('"')
+            self._escape_table["'"] = _hash_text("'")
+
+    def reset(self):
+        self.urls = {}
+        self.titles = {}
+        self.html_blocks = {}
+        self.html_spans = {}
+        self.list_level = 0
+        self.extras = self._instance_extras.copy()
+        self._setup_extras()
+        self._toc = None
+
+    def _setup_extras(self):
+        if "footnotes" in self.extras:
+            # order of insertion matters for footnotes. Use ordered dict for Python < 3.7
+            # https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.7.html#summary-release-highlights
+            self.footnotes = OrderedDict()
+            self.footnote_ids = []
+        if "header-ids" in self.extras:
+            if not hasattr(self, '_count_from_header_id') or self.extras['header-ids'].get('reset-count', False):
+                self._count_from_header_id = defaultdict(int)
+        if "metadata" in self.extras:
+            self.metadata = {}
+
+        self.extra_classes = {}
+        for name, klass in Extra._registry.items():
+            if name not in self.extras:
+                #print(name, "not in", self.extras)
+                continue
+            self.extra_classes[name] = klass(self, (self.extras.get(name, {})))
+
+    # Per <https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/HTML/Element/a> "rel"
+    # should only be used in <a> tags with an "href" attribute.
+
+    # Opens the linked document in a new window or tab
+    # should only used in <a> tags with an "href" attribute.
+    # same with _a_nofollow
+    _a_nofollow_or_blank_links = re.compile(r"""
+        <(a)
+        (
+            [^>]*
+            href=   # href is required
+            ['"]?   # HTML5 attribute values do not have to be quoted
+            [^#'"]  # We don't want to match href values that start with # (like footnotes)
+        )
+        """,
+        re.IGNORECASE | re.VERBOSE
+    )
+
+    def convert(self, text):
+        """Convert the given text."""
+        # Main function. The order in which other subs are called here is
+        # essential. Link and image substitutions need to happen before
+        # _EscapeSpecialChars(), so that any *'s or _'s in the <a>
+        # and <img> tags get encoded.
+
+        # Clear the global hashes. If we don't clear these, you get conflicts
+        # from other articles when generating a page which contains more than
+        # one article (e.g. an index page that shows the N most recent
+        # articles):
+        self.reset()
+
+        if not isinstance(text, str):
+            # TODO: perhaps shouldn't presume UTF-8 for string input?
+            text = str(text, 'utf-8')
+
+        if self.use_file_vars:
+            # Look for emacs-style file variable hints.
+            text = self._emacs_oneliner_vars_pat.sub(self._emacs_vars_oneliner_sub, text)
+            emacs_vars = self._get_emacs_vars(text)
+            if "markdown-extras" in emacs_vars:
+                splitter = re.compile("[ ,]+")
+                for e in splitter.split(emacs_vars["markdown-extras"]):
+                    if '=' in e:
+                        ename, earg = e.split('=', 1)
+                        try:
+                            earg = int(earg)
+                        except ValueError:
+                            pass
+                    else:
+                        ename, earg = e, None
+                    self.extras[ename] = earg
+
+            self._setup_extras()
+
+        # Standardize line endings:
+        text = text.replace("\r\n", "\n")
+        text = text.replace("\r", "\n")
+
+        # Make sure $text ends with a couple of newlines:
+        text += "\n\n"
+
+        # Convert all tabs to spaces.
+        text = self._detab(text)
+
+        # Strip any lines consisting only of spaces and tabs.
+        # This makes subsequent regexen easier to write, because we can
+        # match consecutive blank lines with /\n+/ instead of something
+        # contorted like /[ \t]*\n+/ .
+        text = self._ws_only_line_re.sub("", text)
+
+        # strip metadata from head and extract
+        if "metadata" in self.extras:
+            text = self._extract_metadata(text)
+
+        text = self.preprocess(text)
+
+        if self.safe_mode:
+            text = self._hash_html_spans(text)
+
+        # Turn block-level HTML blocks into hash entries
+        text = self._hash_html_blocks(text, raw=True)
+
+        # Strip link definitions, store in hashes.
+        if "footnotes" in self.extras:
+            # Must do footnotes first because an unlucky footnote defn
+            # looks like a link defn:
+            #   [^4]: this "looks like a link defn"
+            text = self._strip_footnote_definitions(text)
+        text = self._strip_link_definitions(text)
+
+        text = self._run_block_gamut(text)
+
+        if "footnotes" in self.extras:
+            text = self._add_footnotes(text)
+
+        text = self.postprocess(text)
+
+        text = self._unescape_special_chars(text)
+
+        if self.safe_mode:
+            text = self._unhash_html_spans(text)
+            # return the removed text warning to its markdown.py compatible form
+            text = text.replace(self.html_removed_text, self.html_removed_text_compat)
+
+        do_target_blank_links = "target-blank-links" in self.extras
+        do_nofollow_links = "nofollow" in self.extras
+
+        if do_target_blank_links and do_nofollow_links:
+            text = self._a_nofollow_or_blank_links.sub(r'<\1 rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"\2', text)
+        elif do_target_blank_links:
+            text = self._a_nofollow_or_blank_links.sub(r'<\1 rel="noopener" target="_blank"\2', text)
+        elif do_nofollow_links:
+            text = self._a_nofollow_or_blank_links.sub(r'<\1 rel="nofollow"\2', text)
+
+        if "toc" in self.extras and self._toc:
+            if self.extras['header-ids'].get('mixed'):
+                # TOC will only be out of order if mixed headers is enabled
+                def toc_sort(entry):
+                    '''Sort the TOC by order of appearance in text'''
+                    return re.search(
+                        # header tag, any attrs, the ID, any attrs, the text, close tag
+                        r'^<(h%d).*?id=(["\'])%s\2.*>%s</\1>$' % (entry[0], entry[1], re.escape(entry[2])),
+                        text, re.M
+                    ).start()
+
+                self._toc.sort(key=toc_sort)
+            self._toc_html = calculate_toc_html(self._toc)
+
+            # Prepend toc html to output
+            if self.cli or (self.extras['toc'] is not None and self.extras['toc'].get('prepend', False)):
+                text = '{}\n{}'.format(self._toc_html, text)
+
+        text += "\n"
+
+        # Attach attrs to output
+        rv = UnicodeWithAttrs(text)
+
+        if "toc" in self.extras and self._toc:
+            rv.toc_html = self._toc_html
+
+        if "metadata" in self.extras:
+            rv.metadata = self.metadata
+        return rv
+
+    @mark_stage(Stage.POSTPROCESS)
+    def postprocess(self, text):
+        """A hook for subclasses to do some postprocessing of the html, if
+        desired. This is called before unescaping of special chars and
+        unhashing of raw HTML spans.
+        """
+        return text
+
+    @mark_stage(Stage.PREPROCESS)
+    def preprocess(self, text):
+        """A hook for subclasses to do some preprocessing of the Markdown, if
+        desired. This is called after basic formatting of the text, but prior
+        to any extras, safe mode, etc. processing.
+        """
+        return text
+
+    # Is metadata if the content starts with optional '---'-fenced `key: value`
+    # pairs. E.g. (indented for presentation):
+    #   ---
+    #   foo: bar
+    #   another-var: blah blah
+    #   ---
+    #   # header
+    # or:
+    #   foo: bar
+    #   another-var: blah blah
+    #
+    #   # header
+    _meta_data_pattern = re.compile(r'''
+        ^{0}(  # optional opening fence
+            (?:
+                {1}:(?:\n+[ \t]+.*)+  # indented lists
+            )|(?:
+                (?:{1}:\s+>(?:\n\s+.*)+?)  # multiline long descriptions
+                (?=\n{1}:\s*.*\n|\s*\Z)  # match up until the start of the next key:value definition or the end of the input text
+            )|(?:
+                {1}:(?! >).*\n?  # simple key:value pair, leading spaces allowed
+            )
+        ){0}  # optional closing fence
+        '''.format(r'(?:---[\ \t]*\n)?', r'[\S \t]*\w[\S \t]*\s*'), re.MULTILINE | re.VERBOSE
+    )
+
+    _key_val_list_pat = re.compile(
+        r"^-(?:[ \t]*([^\n]*)(?:[ \t]*[:-][ \t]*(\S+))?)(?:\n((?:[ \t]+[^\n]+\n?)+))?",
+        re.MULTILINE,
+    )
+    _key_val_dict_pat = re.compile(
+        r"^([^:\n]+)[ \t]*:[ \t]*([^\n]*)(?:((?:\n[ \t]+[^\n]+)+))?", re.MULTILINE
+    )  # grp0: key, grp1: value, grp2: multiline value
+    _meta_data_fence_pattern = re.compile(r'^---[\ \t]*\n', re.MULTILINE)
+    _meta_data_newline = re.compile("^\n", re.MULTILINE)
+
+    def _extract_metadata(self, text):
+        if text.startswith("---"):
+            fence_splits = re.split(self._meta_data_fence_pattern, text, maxsplit=2)
+            metadata_content = fence_splits[1]
+            match = re.findall(self._meta_data_pattern, metadata_content)
+            if not match:
+                return text
+            tail = fence_splits[2]
+        else:
+            metadata_split = re.split(self._meta_data_newline, text, maxsplit=1)
+            metadata_content = metadata_split[0]
+            match = re.findall(self._meta_data_pattern, metadata_content)
+            if not match:
+                return text
+            tail = metadata_split[1]
+
+        def parse_structured_value(value):
+            vs = value.lstrip()
+            vs = value.replace(v[: len(value) - len(vs)], "\n")[1:]
+
+            # List
+            if vs.startswith("-"):
+                r = []
+                for match in re.findall(self._key_val_list_pat, vs):
+                    if match[0] and not match[1] and not match[2]:
+                        r.append(match[0].strip())
+                    elif match[0] == ">" and not match[1] and match[2]:
+                        r.append(match[2].strip())
+                    elif match[0] and match[1]:
+                        r.append({match[0].strip(): match[1].strip()})
+                    elif not match[0] and not match[1] and match[2]:
+                        r.append(parse_structured_value(match[2]))
+                    else:
+                        # Broken case
+                        pass
+
+                return r
+
+            # Dict
+            else:
+                return {
+                    match[0].strip(): (
+                        match[1].strip()
+                        if match[1]
+                        else parse_structured_value(match[2])
+                    )
+                    for match in re.findall(self._key_val_dict_pat, vs)
+                }
+
+        for item in match:
+
+            k, v = item.split(":", 1)
+
+            # Multiline value
+            if v[:3] == " >\n":
+                self.metadata[k.strip()] = _dedent(v[3:]).strip()
+
+            # Empty value
+            elif v == "\n":
+                self.metadata[k.strip()] = ""
+
+            # Structured value
+            elif v[0] == "\n":
+                self.metadata[k.strip()] = parse_structured_value(v)
+
+            # Simple value
+            else:
+                self.metadata[k.strip()] = v.strip()
+
+        return tail
+
+    _emacs_oneliner_vars_pat = re.compile(r"((?:<!--)?\s*-\*-)\s*(?:(\S[^\r\n]*?)([\r\n]\s*)?)?(-\*-\s*(?:-->)?)", re.UNICODE)
+    # This regular expression is intended to match blocks like this:
+    #    PREFIX Local Variables: SUFFIX
+    #    PREFIX mode: Tcl SUFFIX
+    #    PREFIX End: SUFFIX
+    # Some notes:
+    # - "[ \t]" is used instead of "\s" to specifically exclude newlines
+    # - "(\r\n|\n|\r)" is used instead of "$" because the sre engine does
+    #   not like anything other than Unix-style line terminators.
+    _emacs_local_vars_pat = re.compile(r"""^
+        (?P<prefix>(?:[^\r\n|\n|\r])*?)
+        [\ \t]*Local\ Variables:[\ \t]*
+        (?P<suffix>.*?)(?:\r\n|\n|\r)
+        (?P<content>.*?\1End:)
+        """, re.IGNORECASE | re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL | re.VERBOSE)
+
+    def _emacs_vars_oneliner_sub(self, match):
+        if match.group(1).strip() == '-*-' and match.group(4).strip() == '-*-':
+            lead_ws = re.findall(r'^\s*', match.group(1))[0]
+            tail_ws = re.findall(r'\s*$', match.group(4))[0]
+            return '%s<!-- %s %s %s -->%s' % (lead_ws, '-*-', match.group(2).strip(), '-*-', tail_ws)
+
+        start, end = match.span()
+        return match.string[start: end]
+
+    def _get_emacs_vars(self, text):
+        """Return a dictionary of emacs-style local variables.
+
+        Parsing is done loosely according to this spec (and according to
+        some in-practice deviations from this):
+        http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/Specifying-File-Variables.html#Specifying-File-Variables
+        """
+        emacs_vars = {}
+        SIZE = pow(2, 13)  # 8kB
+
+        # Search near the start for a '-*-'-style one-liner of variables.
+        head = text[:SIZE]
+        if "-*-" in head:
+            match = self._emacs_oneliner_vars_pat.search(head)
+            if match:
+                emacs_vars_str = match.group(2)
+                assert '\n' not in emacs_vars_str
+                emacs_var_strs = [s.strip() for s in emacs_vars_str.split(';')
+                                  if s.strip()]
+                if len(emacs_var_strs) == 1 and ':' not in emacs_var_strs[0]:
+                    # While not in the spec, this form is allowed by emacs:
+                    #   -*- Tcl -*-
+                    # where the implied "variable" is "mode". This form
+                    # is only allowed if there are no other variables.
+                    emacs_vars["mode"] = emacs_var_strs[0].strip()
+                else:
+                    for emacs_var_str in emacs_var_strs:
+                        try:
+                            variable, value = emacs_var_str.strip().split(':', 1)
+                        except ValueError:
+                            log.debug("emacs variables error: malformed -*- "
+                                      "line: %r", emacs_var_str)
+                            continue
+                        # Lowercase the variable name because Emacs allows "Mode"
+                        # or "mode" or "MoDe", etc.
+                        emacs_vars[variable.lower()] = value.strip()
+
+        tail = text[-SIZE:]
+        if "Local Variables" in tail:
+            match = self._emacs_local_vars_pat.search(tail)
+            if match:
+                prefix = match.group("prefix")
+                suffix = match.group("suffix")
+                lines = match.group("content").splitlines(0)
+                # print "prefix=%r, suffix=%r, content=%r, lines: %s"\
+                #      % (prefix, suffix, match.group("content"), lines)
+
+                # Validate the Local Variables block: proper prefix and suffix
+                # usage.
+                for i, line in enumerate(lines):
+                    if not line.startswith(prefix):
+                        log.debug("emacs variables error: line '%s' "
+                                  "does not use proper prefix '%s'"
+                                  % (line, prefix))
+                        return {}
+                    # Don't validate suffix on last line. Emacs doesn't care,
+                    # neither should we.
+                    if i != len(lines)-1 and not line.endswith(suffix):
+                        log.debug("emacs variables error: line '%s' "
+                                  "does not use proper suffix '%s'"
+                                  % (line, suffix))
+                        return {}
+
+                # Parse out one emacs var per line.
+                continued_for = None
+                for line in lines[:-1]:  # no var on the last line ("PREFIX End:")
+                    if prefix: line = line[len(prefix):]  # strip prefix
+                    if suffix: line = line[:-len(suffix)]  # strip suffix
+                    line = line.strip()
+                    if continued_for:
+                        variable = continued_for
+                        if line.endswith('\\'):
+                            line = line[:-1].rstrip()
+                        else:
+                            continued_for = None
+                        emacs_vars[variable] += ' ' + line
+                    else:
+                        try:
+                            variable, value = line.split(':', 1)
+                        except ValueError:
+                            log.debug("local variables error: missing colon "
+                                      "in local variables entry: '%s'" % line)
+                            continue
+                        # Do NOT lowercase the variable name, because Emacs only
+                        # allows "mode" (and not "Mode", "MoDe", etc.) in this block.
+                        value = value.strip()
+                        if value.endswith('\\'):
+                            value = value[:-1].rstrip()
+                            continued_for = variable
+                        else:
+                            continued_for = None
+                        emacs_vars[variable] = value
+
+        # Unquote values.
+        for var, val in list(emacs_vars.items()):
+            if len(val) > 1 and (val.startswith('"') and val.endswith('"')
+               or val.startswith('"') and val.endswith('"')):
+                emacs_vars[var] = val[1:-1]
+
+        return emacs_vars
+
+    def _detab_line(self, line):
+        r"""Recusively convert tabs to spaces in a single line.
+
+        Called from _detab()."""
+        if '\t' not in line:
+            return line
+        chunk1, chunk2 = line.split('\t', 1)
+        chunk1 += (' ' * (self.tab_width - len(chunk1) % self.tab_width))
+        output = chunk1 + chunk2
+        return self._detab_line(output)
+
+    def _detab(self, text):
+        r"""Iterate text line by line and convert tabs to spaces.
+
+            >>> m = Markdown()
+            >>> m._detab("\tfoo")
+            '    foo'
+            >>> m._detab("  \tfoo")
+            '    foo'
+            >>> m._detab("\t  foo")
+            '      foo'
+            >>> m._detab("  foo")
+            '  foo'
+            >>> m._detab("  foo\n\tbar\tblam")
+            '  foo\n    bar blam'
+        """
+        if '\t' not in text:
+            return text
+        output = []
+        for line in text.splitlines():
+            output.append(self._detab_line(line))
+        return '\n'.join(output)
+
+    # I broke out the html5 tags here and add them to _block_tags_a and
+    # _block_tags_b.  This way html5 tags are easy to keep track of.
+    _html5tags = '|article|aside|header|hgroup|footer|nav|section|figure|figcaption'
+
+    _block_tags_a = 'p|div|h[1-6]|blockquote|pre|table|dl|ol|ul|script|noscript|form|fieldset|iframe|math|ins|del|style'
+    _block_tags_a += _html5tags
+
+    _strict_tag_block_re = re.compile(r"""
+        (                       # save in \1
+            ^                   # start of line  (with re.M)
+            <(%s)               # start tag = \2
+            \b                  # word break
+            (.*\n)*?            # any number of lines, minimally matching
+            </\2>               # the matching end tag
+            [ \t]*              # trailing spaces/tabs
+            (?=\n+|\Z)          # followed by a newline or end of document
+        )
+        """ % _block_tags_a,
+        re.X | re.M)
+
+    _block_tags_b = 'p|div|h[1-6]|blockquote|pre|table|dl|ol|ul|script|noscript|form|fieldset|iframe|math'
+    _block_tags_b += _html5tags
+
+    _span_tags = (
+        'a|abbr|acronym|b|bdo|big|br|button|cite|code|dfn|em|i|img|input|kbd|label|map|object|output|q'
+        '|samp|script|select|small|span|strong|sub|sup|textarea|time|tt|var'
+    )
+
+    _liberal_tag_block_re = re.compile(r"""
+        (                       # save in \1
+            ^                   # start of line  (with re.M)
+            <(%s)               # start tag = \2
+            \b                  # word break
+            (.*\n)*?            # any number of lines, minimally matching
+            .*</\2>             # the matching end tag
+            [ \t]*              # trailing spaces/tabs
+            (?=\n+|\Z)          # followed by a newline or end of document
+        )
+        """ % _block_tags_b,
+        re.X | re.M)
+
+    _html_markdown_attr_re = re.compile(
+        r'''\s+markdown=("1"|'1')''')
+    def _hash_html_block_sub(self, match, raw=False):
+        if isinstance(match, str):
+            html = match
+            tag = None
+        else:
+            html = match.group(1)
+            try:
+                tag = match.group(2)
+            except IndexError:
+                tag = None
+
+        tag = tag or re.match(r'.*?<(\S).*?>', html).group(1)
+
+        if raw and self.safe_mode:
+            html = self._sanitize_html(html)
+        elif 'markdown-in-html' in self.extras and 'markdown=' in html:
+            first_line = html.split('\n', 1)[0]
+            m = self._html_markdown_attr_re.search(first_line)
+            if m:
+                lines = html.split('\n')
+                # if MD is on same line as opening tag then split across two lines
+                lines = list(filter(None, (re.split(r'(.*?<%s.*markdown=.*?>)' % tag, lines[0])))) + lines[1:]
+                # if MD on same line as closing tag, split across two lines
+                lines = lines[:-1] + list(filter(None, re.split(r'(\s*?</%s>.*?$)' % tag, lines[-1])))
+                # extract key sections of the match
+                first_line = lines[0]
+                middle = '\n'.join(lines[1:-1])
+                last_line = lines[-1]
+                # remove `markdown="1"` attr from tag
+                first_line = first_line[:m.start()] + first_line[m.end():]
+                # hash the HTML segments to protect them
+                f_key = _hash_text(first_line)
+                self.html_blocks[f_key] = first_line
+                l_key = _hash_text(last_line)
+                self.html_blocks[l_key] = last_line
+                return ''.join(["\n\n", f_key,
+                    "\n\n", middle, "\n\n",
+                    l_key, "\n\n"])
+        elif self.extras.get('header-ids', {}).get('mixed') and self._h_tag_re.match(html):
+            html = self._h_tag_re.sub(self._h_tag_sub, html)
+        key = _hash_text(html)
+        self.html_blocks[key] = html
+        return "\n\n" + key + "\n\n"
+
+    @mark_stage(Stage.HASH_HTML)
+    def _hash_html_blocks(self, text, raw=False):
+        """Hashify HTML blocks
+
+        We only want to do this for block-level HTML tags, such as headers,
+        lists, and tables. That's because we still want to wrap <p>s around
+        "paragraphs" that are wrapped in non-block-level tags, such as anchors,
+        phrase emphasis, and spans. The list of tags we're looking for is
+        hard-coded.
+
+        @param raw {boolean} indicates if these are raw HTML blocks in
+            the original source. It makes a difference in "safe" mode.
+        """
+        if '<' not in text:
+            return text
+
+        # Pass `raw` value into our calls to self._hash_html_block_sub.
+        hash_html_block_sub = _curry(self._hash_html_block_sub, raw=raw)
+
+        # First, look for nested blocks, e.g.:
+        #   <div>
+        #       <div>
+        #       tags for inner block must be indented.
+        #       </div>
+        #   </div>
+        #
+        # The outermost tags must start at the left margin for this to match, and
+        # the inner nested divs must be indented.
+        # We need to do this before the next, more liberal match, because the next
+        # match will start at the first `<div>` and stop at the first `</div>`.
+        text = self._strict_tag_block_sub(text, self._block_tags_a, hash_html_block_sub)
+
+        # Now match more liberally, simply from `\n<tag>` to `</tag>\n`
+        text = self._liberal_tag_block_re.sub(hash_html_block_sub, text)
+
+        # now do the same for spans that are acting like blocks
+        # eg: an anchor split over multiple lines for readability
+        text = self._strict_tag_block_sub(
+            text, self._span_tags,
+            # inline elements can't contain block level elements, so only span gamut is required
+            lambda t: hash_html_block_sub(self._run_span_gamut(t))
+        )
+
+        # Special case just for <hr />. It was easier to make a special
+        # case than to make the other regex more complicated.
+        if "<hr" in text:
+            _hr_tag_re = _hr_tag_re_from_tab_width(self.tab_width)
+            text = _hr_tag_re.sub(hash_html_block_sub, text)
+
+        # Special case for standalone HTML comments:
+        if "<!--" in text:
+            start = 0
+            while True:
+                # Delimiters for next comment block.
+                try:
+                    start_idx = text.index("<!--", start)
+                except ValueError:
+                    break
+                try:
+                    end_idx = text.index("-->", start_idx) + 3
+                except ValueError:
+                    break
+
+                # Start position for next comment block search.
+                start = end_idx
+
+                # Validate whitespace before comment.
+                if start_idx:
+                    # - Up to `tab_width - 1` spaces before start_idx.
+                    for i in range(self.tab_width - 1):
+                        if text[start_idx - 1] != ' ':
+                            break
+                        start_idx -= 1
+                        if start_idx == 0:
+                            break
+                    # - Must be preceded by 2 newlines or hit the start of
+                    #   the document.
+                    if start_idx == 0:
+                        pass
+                    elif start_idx == 1 and text[0] == '\n':
+                        start_idx = 0  # to match minute detail of Markdown.pl regex
+                    elif text[start_idx-2:start_idx] == '\n\n':
+                        pass
+                    else:
+                        break
+
+                # Validate whitespace after comment.
+                # - Any number of spaces and tabs.
+                while end_idx < len(text):
+                    if text[end_idx] not in ' \t':
+                        break
+                    end_idx += 1
+                # - Must be following by 2 newlines or hit end of text.
+                if text[end_idx:end_idx+2] not in ('', '\n', '\n\n'):
+                    continue
+
+                # Escape and hash (must match `_hash_html_block_sub`).
+                html = text[start_idx:end_idx]
+                if raw and self.safe_mode:
+                    html = self._sanitize_html(html)
+                key = _hash_text(html)
+                self.html_blocks[key] = html
+                text = text[:start_idx] + "\n\n" + key + "\n\n" + text[end_idx:]
+
+        if "xml" in self.extras:
+            # Treat XML processing instructions and namespaced one-liner
+            # tags as if they were block HTML tags. E.g., if standalone
+            # (i.e. are their own paragraph), the following do not get
+            # wrapped in a <p> tag:
+            #    <?foo bar?>
+            #
+            #    <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="chapter_1.md"/>
+            _xml_oneliner_re = _xml_oneliner_re_from_tab_width(self.tab_width)
+            text = _xml_oneliner_re.sub(hash_html_block_sub, text)
+
+        return text
+
+    def _strict_tag_block_sub(self, text, html_tags_re, callback, allow_indent=False):
+        '''
+        Finds and substitutes HTML blocks within blocks of text
+
+        Args:
+            text: the text to search
+            html_tags_re: a regex pattern of HTML block tags to match against.
+                For example, `Markdown._block_tags_a`
+            callback: callback function that receives the found HTML text block
+            allow_indent: allow matching HTML blocks that are not completely outdented
+        '''
+        tag_count = 0
+        current_tag = html_tags_re
+        block = ''
+        result = ''
+
+        for chunk in text.splitlines(True):
+            is_markup = re.match(
+                r'^(\s{0,%s})(?:</code>(?=</pre>))?(</?(%s)\b>?)' % ('' if allow_indent else '0', current_tag), chunk
+            )
+            block += chunk
+
+            if is_markup:
+                if chunk.startswith('%s</' % is_markup.group(1)):
+                    tag_count -= 1
+                else:
+                    # if close tag is in same line
+                    if self._tag_is_closed(is_markup.group(3), chunk):
+                        # we must ignore these
+                        is_markup = None
+                    else:
+                        tag_count += 1
+                        current_tag = is_markup.group(3)
+
+            if tag_count == 0:
+                if is_markup:
+                    block = callback(block.rstrip('\n'))  # remove trailing newline
+                current_tag = html_tags_re
+                result += block
+                block = ''
+
+        result += block
+
+        return result
+
+    def _tag_is_closed(self, tag_name, text):
+        # super basic check if number of open tags == number of closing tags
+        return len(re.findall('<%s(?:.*?)>' % tag_name, text)) == len(re.findall('</%s>' % tag_name, text))
+
+    @mark_stage(Stage.LINK_DEFS)
+    def _strip_link_definitions(self, text):
+        # Strips link definitions from text, stores the URLs and titles in
+        # hash references.
+        less_than_tab = self.tab_width - 1
+
+        # Link defs are in the form:
+        #   [id]: url "optional title"
+        _link_def_re = re.compile(r"""
+            ^[ ]{0,%d}\[(.+)\]: # id = \1
+              [ \t]*
+              \n?               # maybe *one* newline
+              [ \t]*
+            <?(.+?)>?           # url = \2
+              [ \t]*
+            (?:
+                \n?             # maybe one newline
+                [ \t]*
+                (?<=\s)         # lookbehind for whitespace
+                ['"(]
+                ([^\n]*)        # title = \3
+                ['")]
+                [ \t]*
+            )?  # title is optional
+            (?:\n+|\Z)
+            """ % less_than_tab, re.X | re.M | re.U)
+        return _link_def_re.sub(self._extract_link_def_sub, text)
+
+    def _extract_link_def_sub(self, match):
+        id, url, title = match.groups()
+        key = id.lower()    # Link IDs are case-insensitive
+        self.urls[key] = self._encode_amps_and_angles(url)
+        if title:
+            self.titles[key] = title
+        return ""
+
+    def _extract_footnote_def_sub(self, match):
+        id, text = match.groups()
+        text = _dedent(text, skip_first_line=not text.startswith('\n')).strip()
+        normed_id = re.sub(r'\W', '-', id)
+        # Ensure footnote text ends with a couple newlines (for some
+        # block gamut matches).
+        self.footnotes[normed_id] = text + "\n\n"
+        return ""
+
+    def _strip_footnote_definitions(self, text):
+        """A footnote definition looks like this:
+
+            [^note-id]: Text of the note.
+
+                May include one or more indented paragraphs.
+
+        Where,
+        - The 'note-id' can be pretty much anything, though typically it
+          is the number of the footnote.
+        - The first paragraph may start on the next line, like so:
+
+            [^note-id]:
+                Text of the note.
+        """
+        less_than_tab = self.tab_width - 1
+        footnote_def_re = re.compile(r'''
+            ^[ ]{0,%d}\[\^(.+)\]:   # id = \1
+            [ \t]*
+            (                       # footnote text = \2
+              # First line need not start with the spaces.
+              (?:\s*.*\n+)
+              (?:
+                (?:[ ]{%d} | \t)  # Subsequent lines must be indented.
+                .*\n+
+              )*
+            )
+            # Lookahead for non-space at line-start, or end of doc.
+            (?:(?=^[ ]{0,%d}\S)|\Z)
+            ''' % (less_than_tab, self.tab_width, self.tab_width),
+            re.X | re.M)
+        return footnote_def_re.sub(self._extract_footnote_def_sub, text)
+
+    _hr_re = re.compile(r'^[ ]{0,3}([-_*])[ ]{0,2}(\1[ ]{0,2}){2,}$', re.M)
+
+    @mark_stage(Stage.BLOCK_GAMUT)
+    def _run_block_gamut(self, text):
+        # These are all the transformations that form block-level
+        # tags like paragraphs, headers, and list items.
+
+        text = self._do_headers(text)
+
+        # Do Horizontal Rules:
+        # On the number of spaces in horizontal rules: The spec is fuzzy: "If
+        # you wish, you may use spaces between the hyphens or asterisks."
+        # Markdown.pl 1.0.1's hr regexes limit the number of spaces between the
+        # hr chars to one or two. We'll reproduce that limit here.
+        hr = "\n<hr"+self.empty_element_suffix+"\n"
+        text = re.sub(self._hr_re, hr, text)
+
+        text = self._do_lists(text)
+
+        text = self._do_code_blocks(text)
+
+        text = self._do_block_quotes(text)
+
+        # We already ran _HashHTMLBlocks() before, in Markdown(), but that
+        # was to escape raw HTML in the original Markdown source. This time,
+        # we're escaping the markup we've just created, so that we don't wrap
+        # <p> tags around block-level tags.
+        text = self._hash_html_blocks(text)
+
+        text = self._form_paragraphs(text)
+
+        return text
+
+    @mark_stage(Stage.SPAN_GAMUT)
+    def _run_span_gamut(self, text):
+        # These are all the transformations that occur *within* block-level
+        # tags like paragraphs, headers, and list items.
+
+        text = self._do_code_spans(text)
+
+        text = self._escape_special_chars(text)
+
+        # Process anchor and image tags.
+        text = self._do_links(text)
+
+        # Make links out of things like `<http://example.com/>`
+        # Must come after _do_links(), because you can use < and >
+        # delimiters in inline links like [this](<url>).
+        text = self._do_auto_links(text)
+
+        text = self._encode_amps_and_angles(text)
+
+        text = self._do_italics_and_bold(text)
+
+        # Do hard breaks
+        text = re.sub(r" {2,}\n(?!\<(?:\/?(ul|ol|li))\>)", "<br%s\n" % self.empty_element_suffix, text)
+
+        return text
+
+    # "Sorta" because auto-links are identified as "tag" tokens.
+    _sorta_html_tokenize_re = re.compile(r"""
+        (
+            \\*  # escapes
+            (?:
+                # tag
+                </?
+                (?:\w+)                                     # tag name
+                (?:\s+(?:[\w-]+:)?[\w-]+=(?:".*?"|'.*?'))*  # attributes
+                \s*/?>
+                |
+                # auto-link (e.g., <http://www.activestate.com/>)
+                <[\w~:/?#\[\]@!$&'\(\)*+,;%=\.\\-]+>
+                |
+                <!--.*?-->      # comment
+                |
+                <\?.*?\?>       # processing instruction
+            )
+        )
+        """, re.X)
+
+    @mark_stage(Stage.ESCAPE_SPECIAL)
+    def _escape_special_chars(self, text):
+        # Python markdown note: the HTML tokenization here differs from
+        # that in Markdown.pl, hence the behaviour for subtle cases can
+        # differ (I believe the tokenizer here does a better job because
+        # it isn't susceptible to unmatched '<' and '>' in HTML tags).
+        # Note, however, that '>' is not allowed in an auto-link URL
+        # here.
+        lead_escape_re = re.compile(r'^((?:\\\\)*(?!\\))')
+        escaped = []
+        is_html_markup = False
+        for token in self._sorta_html_tokenize_re.split(text):
+            # check token is preceded by 0 or more PAIRS of escapes, because escape pairs
+            # escape themselves and don't affect the token
+            if is_html_markup and lead_escape_re.match(token):
+                # Within tags/HTML-comments/auto-links, encode * and _
+                # so they don't conflict with their use in Markdown for
+                # italics and strong.  We're replacing each such
+                # character with its corresponding MD5 checksum value;
+                # this is likely overkill, but it should prevent us from
+                # colliding with the escape values by accident.
+                escape_seq, token = lead_escape_re.split(token)[1:] or ('', token)
+                escaped.append(
+                    escape_seq.replace('\\\\', self._escape_table['\\'])
+                    + token.replace('*', self._escape_table['*'])
+                           .replace('_', self._escape_table['_'])
+                )
+            else:
+                escaped.append(self._encode_backslash_escapes(token.replace('\\<', '&lt;')))
+            is_html_markup = not is_html_markup
+        return ''.join(escaped)
+
+    @mark_stage(Stage.HASH_HTML)
+    def _hash_html_spans(self, text):
+        # Used for safe_mode.
+
+        def _is_auto_link(s):
+            if ':' in s and self._auto_link_re.match(s):
+                return True
+            elif '@' in s and self._auto_email_link_re.match(s):
+                return True
+            return False
+
+        def _is_code_span(index, token):
+            try:
+                if token == '<code>':
+                    peek_tokens = split_tokens[index: index + 3]
+                elif token == '</code>':
+                    peek_tokens = split_tokens[index - 2: index + 1]
+                else:
+                    return False
+            except IndexError:
+                return False
+
+            return re.match(r'<code>md5-[A-Fa-f0-9]{32}</code>', ''.join(peek_tokens))
+
+        def _is_comment(token):
+            if self.safe_mode == 'replace':
+                # don't bother processing each section of comment in replace mode. Just do the whole thing
+                return
+            return re.match(r'(<!--)(.*)(-->)', token)
+
+        def _hash(token):
+            key = _hash_text(token)
+            self.html_spans[key] = token
+            return key
+
+        tokens = []
+        split_tokens = self._sorta_html_tokenize_re.split(text)
+        is_html_markup = False
+        for index, token in enumerate(split_tokens):
+            if is_html_markup and not _is_auto_link(token) and not _is_code_span(index, token):
+                is_comment = _is_comment(token)
+                if is_comment:
+                    tokens.append(_hash(self._sanitize_html(is_comment.group(1))))
+                    # sanitise but leave comment body intact for further markdown processing
+                    tokens.append(self._sanitize_html(is_comment.group(2)))
+                    tokens.append(_hash(self._sanitize_html(is_comment.group(3))))
+                else:
+                    tokens.append(_hash(self._sanitize_html(token)))
+            else:
+                tokens.append(self._encode_incomplete_tags(token))
+            is_html_markup = not is_html_markup
+        return ''.join(tokens)
+
+    def _unhash_html_spans(self, text):
+        for key, sanitized in list(self.html_spans.items()):
+            text = text.replace(key, sanitized)
+        return text
+
+    def _sanitize_html(self, s):
+        if self.safe_mode == "replace":
+            return self.html_removed_text
+        elif self.safe_mode == "escape":
+            replacements = [
+                ('&', '&amp;'),
+                ('<', '&lt;'),
+                ('>', '&gt;'),
+            ]
+            for before, after in replacements:
+                s = s.replace(before, after)
+            return s
+        else:
+            raise MarkdownError("invalid value for 'safe_mode': %r (must be "
+                                "'escape' or 'replace')" % self.safe_mode)
+
+    _inline_link_title = re.compile(r'''
+            (                   # \1
+              [ \t]+
+              (['"])            # quote char = \2
+              (?P<title>.*?)
+              \2
+            )?                  # title is optional
+          \)$
+        ''', re.X | re.S)
+    _tail_of_reference_link_re = re.compile(r'''
+          # Match tail of: [text][id]
+          [ ]?          # one optional space
+          (?:\n[ ]*)?   # one optional newline followed by spaces
+          \[
+            (?P<id>.*?)
+          \]
+        ''', re.X | re.S)
+
+    _whitespace = re.compile(r'\s*')
+
+    _strip_anglebrackets = re.compile(r'<(.*)>.*')
+
+    def _find_non_whitespace(self, text, start):
+        """Returns the index of the first non-whitespace character in text
+        after (and including) start
+        """
+        match = self._whitespace.match(text, start)
+        return match.end()
+
+    def _find_balanced(self, text, start, open_c, close_c):
+        """Returns the index where the open_c and close_c characters balance
+        out - the same number of open_c and close_c are encountered - or the
+        end of string if it's reached before the balance point is found.
+        """
+        i = start
+        l = len(text)
+        count = 1
+        while count > 0 and i < l:
+            if text[i] == open_c:
+                count += 1
+            elif text[i] == close_c:
+                count -= 1
+            i += 1
+        return i
+
+    def _extract_url_and_title(self, text, start):
+        """Extracts the url and (optional) title from the tail of a link"""
+        # text[start] equals the opening parenthesis
+        idx = self._find_non_whitespace(text, start+1)
+        if idx == len(text):
+            return None, None, None
+        end_idx = idx
+        has_anglebrackets = text[idx] == "<"
+        if has_anglebrackets:
+            end_idx = self._find_balanced(text, end_idx+1, "<", ">")
+        end_idx = self._find_balanced(text, end_idx, "(", ")")
+        match = self._inline_link_title.search(text, idx, end_idx)
+        if not match:
+            return None, None, None
+        url, title = text[idx:match.start()], match.group("title")
+        if has_anglebrackets:
+            url = self._strip_anglebrackets.sub(r'\1', url)
+        return url, title, end_idx
+
+    # https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/web/http/basics_of_http/data_urls
+    # https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Basics_of_HTTP/MIME_types
+    _data_url_re = re.compile(r'''
+        data:
+        # in format type/subtype;parameter=optional
+        (?P<mime>\w+/[\w+\.-]+(?:;\w+=[\w+\.-]+)?)?
+        # optional base64 token
+        (?P<token>;base64)?
+        ,(?P<data>.*)
+    ''', re.X)
+
+    def _protect_url(self, url):
+        '''
+        Function that passes a URL through `_html_escape_url` to remove any nasty characters,
+        and then hashes the now "safe" URL to prevent other safety mechanisms from tampering
+        with it (eg: escaping "&" in URL parameters)
+        '''
+        data_url = self._data_url_re.match(url)
+        charset = None
+        if data_url is not None:
+            mime = data_url.group('mime') or ''
+            if mime.startswith('image/') and data_url.group('token') == ';base64':
+                charset='base64'
+        url = _html_escape_url(url, safe_mode=self.safe_mode, charset=charset)
+        key = _hash_text(url)
+        self._escape_table[url] = key
+        return key
+
+    _safe_protocols = r'(?:https?|ftp):\/\/|(?:mailto|tel):'
+
+    @property
+    def _safe_href(self):
+        '''
+        _safe_href is adapted from pagedown's Markdown.Sanitizer.js
+        From: https://github.com/StackExchange/pagedown/blob/master/LICENSE.txt
+        Original Showdown code copyright (c) 2007 John Fraser
+        Modifications and bugfixes (c) 2009 Dana Robinson
+        Modifications and bugfixes (c) 2009-2014 Stack Exchange Inc.
+        '''
+        safe = r'-\w'
+        # omitted ['"<>] for XSS reasons
+        less_safe = r'#/\.!#$%&\(\)\+,/:;=\?@\[\]^`\{\}\|~'
+        # dot seperated hostname, optional port number, not followed by protocol seperator
+        domain = r'(?:[%s]+(?:\.[%s]+)*)(?:(?<!tel):\d+/?)?(?![^:/]*:/*)' % (safe, safe)
+        fragment = r'[%s]*' % (safe + less_safe)
+
+        return re.compile(r'^(?:(%s)?(%s)(%s)|(#|\.{,2}/)(%s))$' % (self._safe_protocols, domain, fragment, fragment), re.I)
+
+    @mark_stage(Stage.LINKS)
+    def _do_links(self, text):
+        """Turn Markdown link shortcuts into XHTML <a> and <img> tags.
+
+        This is a combination of Markdown.pl's _DoAnchors() and
+        _DoImages(). They are done together because that simplified the
+        approach. It was necessary to use a different approach than
+        Markdown.pl because of the lack of atomic matching support in
+        Python's regex engine used in $g_nested_brackets.
+        """
+        MAX_LINK_TEXT_SENTINEL = 3000  # markdown2 issue 24
+
+        # `anchor_allowed_pos` is used to support img links inside
+        # anchors, but not anchors inside anchors. An anchor's start
+        # pos must be `>= anchor_allowed_pos`.
+        anchor_allowed_pos = 0
+
+        curr_pos = 0
+        while True:  # Handle the next link.
+            # The next '[' is the start of:
+            # - an inline anchor:   [text](url "title")
+            # - a reference anchor: [text][id]
+            # - an inline img:      ![text](url "title")
+            # - a reference img:    ![text][id]
+            # - a footnote ref:     [^id]
+            #   (Only if 'footnotes' extra enabled)
+            # - a footnote defn:    [^id]: ...
+            #   (Only if 'footnotes' extra enabled) These have already
+            #   been stripped in _strip_footnote_definitions() so no
+            #   need to watch for them.
+            # - a link definition:  [id]: url "title"
+            #   These have already been stripped in
+            #   _strip_link_definitions() so no need to watch for them.
+            # - not markup:         [...anything else...
+            try:
+                start_idx = text.index('[', curr_pos)
+            except ValueError:
+                break
+            text_length = len(text)
+
+            # Find the matching closing ']'.
+            # Markdown.pl allows *matching* brackets in link text so we
+            # will here too. Markdown.pl *doesn't* currently allow
+            # matching brackets in img alt text -- we'll differ in that
+            # regard.
+            bracket_depth = 0
+            for p in range(start_idx+1, min(start_idx+MAX_LINK_TEXT_SENTINEL,
+                                            text_length)):
+                ch = text[p]
+                if ch == ']':
+                    bracket_depth -= 1
+                    if bracket_depth < 0:
+                        break
+                elif ch == '[':
+                    bracket_depth += 1
+            else:
+                # Closing bracket not found within sentinel length.
+                # This isn't markup.
+                curr_pos = start_idx + 1
+                continue
+            link_text = text[start_idx+1:p]
+
+            # Fix for issue 341 - Injecting XSS into link text
+            if self.safe_mode:
+                link_text = self._hash_html_spans(link_text)
+                link_text = self._unhash_html_spans(link_text)
+
+            # Possibly a footnote ref?
+            if "footnotes" in self.extras and link_text.startswith("^"):
+                normed_id = re.sub(r'\W', '-', link_text[1:])
+                if normed_id in self.footnotes:
+                    self.footnote_ids.append(normed_id)
+                    result = '<sup class="footnote-ref" id="fnref-%s">' \
+                             '<a href="#fn-%s">%s</a></sup>' \
+                             % (normed_id, normed_id, len(self.footnote_ids))
+                    text = text[:start_idx] + result + text[p+1:]
+                else:
+                    # This id isn't defined, leave the markup alone.
+                    curr_pos = p+1
+                continue
+
+            # Now determine what this is by the remainder.
+            p += 1
+
+            # Inline anchor or img?
+            if text[p:p + 1] == '(':  # attempt at perf improvement
+                url, title, url_end_idx = self._extract_url_and_title(text, p)
+                if url is not None:
+                    # Handle an inline anchor or img.
+                    is_img = start_idx > 0 and text[start_idx-1] == "!"
+                    if is_img:
+                        start_idx -= 1
+
+                    # We've got to encode these to avoid conflicting
+                    # with italics/bold.
+                    url = url.replace('*', self._escape_table['*']) \
+                             .replace('_', self._escape_table['_'])
+                    if title:
+                        title_str = ' title="%s"' % (
+                            _xml_escape_attr(title)
+                                .replace('*', self._escape_table['*'])
+                                .replace('_', self._escape_table['_']))
+                    else:
+                        title_str = ''
+                    if is_img:
+                        img_class_str = self._html_class_str_from_tag("img")
+                        result = '<img src="%s" alt="%s"%s%s%s' \
+                            % (self._protect_url(url),
+                               _xml_escape_attr(link_text),
+                               title_str,
+                               img_class_str,
+                               self.empty_element_suffix)
+                        if "smarty-pants" in self.extras:
+                            result = result.replace('"', self._escape_table['"'])
+                        curr_pos = start_idx + len(result)
+                        anchor_allowed_pos = start_idx + len(result)
+                        text = text[:start_idx] + result + text[url_end_idx:]
+                    elif start_idx >= anchor_allowed_pos:
+                        safe_link = self._safe_href.match(url)
+                        if self.safe_mode and not safe_link:
+                            result_head = '<a href="#"%s>' % (title_str)
+                        else:
+                            result_head = '<a href="%s"%s>' % (self._protect_url(url), title_str)
+                        result = '%s%s</a>' % (result_head, link_text)
+                        if "smarty-pants" in self.extras:
+                            result = result.replace('"', self._escape_table['"'])
+                        # <img> allowed from curr_pos on, <a> from
+                        # anchor_allowed_pos on.
+                        curr_pos = start_idx + len(result_head)
+                        anchor_allowed_pos = start_idx + len(result)
+                        text = text[:start_idx] + result + text[url_end_idx:]
+                    else:
+                        # Anchor not allowed here.
+                        curr_pos = start_idx + 1
+                    continue
+
+            # Reference anchor or img?
+            else:
+                match = self._tail_of_reference_link_re.match(text, p)
+                if match:
+                    # Handle a reference-style anchor or img.
+                    is_img = start_idx > 0 and text[start_idx-1] == "!"
+                    if is_img:
+                        start_idx -= 1
+                    link_id = match.group("id").lower()
+                    if not link_id:
+                        link_id = link_text.lower()  # for links like [this][]
+                    if link_id in self.urls:
+                        url = self.urls[link_id]
+                        # We've got to encode these to avoid conflicting
+                        # with italics/bold.
+                        url = url.replace('*', self._escape_table['*']) \
+                                 .replace('_', self._escape_table['_'])
+                        title = self.titles.get(link_id)
+                        if title:
+                            title = _xml_escape_attr(title) \
+                                .replace('*', self._escape_table['*']) \
+                                .replace('_', self._escape_table['_'])
+                            title_str = ' title="%s"' % title
+                        else:
+                            title_str = ''
+                        if is_img:
+                            img_class_str = self._html_class_str_from_tag("img")
+                            result = '<img src="%s" alt="%s"%s%s%s' \
+                                % (self._protect_url(url),
+                                   _xml_escape_attr(link_text),
+                                   title_str,
+                                   img_class_str,
+                                   self.empty_element_suffix)
+                            if "smarty-pants" in self.extras:
+                                result = result.replace('"', self._escape_table['"'])
+                            curr_pos = start_idx + len(result)
+                            text = text[:start_idx] + result + text[match.end():]
+                        elif start_idx >= anchor_allowed_pos:
+                            if self.safe_mode and not self._safe_href.match(url):
+                                result_head = '<a href="#"%s>' % (title_str)
+                            else:
+                                result_head = '<a href="%s"%s>' % (self._protect_url(url), title_str)
+                            result = '%s%s</a>' % (result_head, link_text)
+                            if "smarty-pants" in self.extras:
+                                result = result.replace('"', self._escape_table['"'])
+                            # <img> allowed from curr_pos on, <a> from
+                            # anchor_allowed_pos on.
+                            curr_pos = start_idx + len(result_head)
+                            anchor_allowed_pos = start_idx + len(result)
+                            text = text[:start_idx] + result + text[match.end():]
+                        else:
+                            # Anchor not allowed here.
+                            curr_pos = start_idx + 1
+                    else:
+                        # This id isn't defined, leave the markup alone.
+                        # set current pos to end of link title and continue from there
+                        curr_pos = p
+                    continue
+
+            # Otherwise, it isn't markup.
+            curr_pos = start_idx + 1
+
+        return text
+
+    def header_id_from_text(self, text, prefix, n):
+        """Generate a header id attribute value from the given header
+        HTML content.
+
+        This is only called if the "header-ids" extra is enabled.
+        Subclasses may override this for different header ids.
+
+        @param text {str} The text of the header tag
+        @param prefix {str} The requested prefix for header ids. This is the
+            value of the "header-ids" extra key, if any. Otherwise, None.
+        @param n {int} The <hN> tag number, i.e. `1` for an <h1> tag.
+        @returns {str} The value for the header tag's "id" attribute. Return
+            None to not have an id attribute and to exclude this header from
+            the TOC (if the "toc" extra is specified).
+        """
+        header_id = _slugify(text)
+        if prefix and isinstance(prefix, str):
+            header_id = prefix + '-' + header_id
+
+        self._count_from_header_id[header_id] += 1
+        if 0 == len(header_id) or self._count_from_header_id[header_id] > 1:
+            header_id += '-%s' % self._count_from_header_id[header_id]
+
+        return header_id
+
+    def _header_id_exists(self, text):
+        header_id = _slugify(text)
+        prefix = self.extras['header-ids'].get('prefix')
+        if prefix and isinstance(prefix, str):
+            header_id = prefix + '-' + header_id
+        return header_id in self._count_from_header_id or header_id in map(lambda x: x[1], self._toc)
+
+    def _toc_add_entry(self, level, id, name):
+        if level > self._toc_depth:
+            return
+        if self._toc is None:
+            self._toc = []
+        self._toc.append((level, id, self._unescape_special_chars(name)))
+
+    _h_re_base = r'''
+        (^(.+)[ \t]{0,99}\n(=+|-+)[ \t]*\n+)
+        |
+        (^(\#{1,6})  # \1 = string of #'s
+        [ \t]%s
+        (.+?)       # \2 = Header text
+        [ \t]{0,99}
+        (?<!\\)     # ensure not an escaped trailing '#'
+        \#*         # optional closing #'s (not counted)
+        \n+
+        )
+        '''
+
+    _h_re = re.compile(_h_re_base % '*', re.X | re.M)
+    _h_re_tag_friendly = re.compile(_h_re_base % '+', re.X | re.M)
+
+    def _h_sub(self, match):
+        '''Handles processing markdown headers'''
+        if match.group(1) is not None and match.group(3) == "-":
+            return match.group(1)
+        elif match.group(1) is not None:
+            # Setext header
+            n = {"=": 1, "-": 2}[match.group(3)[0]]
+            header_group = match.group(2)
+        else:
+            # atx header
+            n = len(match.group(5))
+            header_group = match.group(6)
+
+        demote_headers = self.extras.get("demote-headers")
+        if demote_headers:
+            n = min(n + demote_headers, 6)
+        header_id_attr = ""
+        if "header-ids" in self.extras:
+            header_id = self.header_id_from_text(header_group,
+                self.extras["header-ids"].get('prefix'), n)
+            if header_id:
+                header_id_attr = ' id="%s"' % header_id
+        html = self._run_span_gamut(header_group)
+        if "toc" in self.extras and header_id:
+            self._toc_add_entry(n, header_id, html)
+        return "<h%d%s>%s</h%d>\n\n" % (n, header_id_attr, html, n)
+
+    _h_tag_re = re.compile(r'''
+        ^<h([1-6])(.*)>  # \1 tag num, \2 attrs
+        (.*)  # \3 text
+        </h\1>
+    ''', re.X | re.M)
+
+    def _h_tag_sub(self, match):
+        '''Different to `_h_sub` in that this function handles existing HTML headers'''
+        text = match.string[match.start(): match.end()]
+        h_level = int(match.group(1))
+        # extract id= attr from tag, trying to account for regex "misses"
+        id_attr = (re.match(r'.*?id=(\S+)?.*', match.group(2) or '') or '')
+        if id_attr:
+            # if id attr exists, extract that
+            id_attr = id_attr.group(1) or ''
+        id_attr = id_attr.strip('\'" ')
+        h_text = match.group(3)
+
+        # check if header was already processed (ie: was a markdown header rather than HTML)
+        if id_attr and self._header_id_exists(id_attr):
+            return text
+
+        # generate new header id if none existed
+        header_id = id_attr or self.header_id_from_text(h_text, self.extras['header-ids'].get('prefix'), h_level)
+        if "toc" in self.extras:
+            self._toc_add_entry(h_level, header_id, h_text)
+        if header_id and not id_attr:
+            # '<h[digit]' + new ID + '...'
+            return text[:3] + ' id="%s"' % header_id + text[3:]
+        return text
+
+    @mark_stage(Stage.HEADERS)
+    def _do_headers(self, text):
+        # Setext-style headers:
+        #     Header 1
+        #     ========
+        #
+        #     Header 2
+        #     --------
+
+        # atx-style headers:
+        #   # Header 1
+        #   ## Header 2
+        #   ## Header 2 with closing hashes ##
+        #   ...
+        #   ###### Header 6
+
+        if 'tag-friendly' in self.extras:
+            return self._h_re_tag_friendly.sub(self._h_sub, text)
+        return self._h_re.sub(self._h_sub, text)
+
+    _marker_ul_chars = '*+-'
+    _marker_any = r'(?:[%s]|\d+\.)' % _marker_ul_chars
+    _marker_ul = '(?:[%s])' % _marker_ul_chars
+    _marker_ol = r'(?:\d+\.)'
+
+    def _list_sub(self, match):
+        lst = match.group(1)
+        lst_type = match.group(4) in self._marker_ul_chars and "ul" or "ol"
+
+        if lst_type == 'ol' and match.group(4) != '1.':
+            # if list doesn't start at 1 then set the ol start attribute
+            lst_opts = ' start="%s"' % match.group(4)[:-1]
+        else:
+            lst_opts = ''
+
+        lst_opts = lst_opts + self._html_class_str_from_tag(lst_type)
+
+        result = self._process_list_items(lst)
+        if self.list_level:
+            return "<%s%s>\n%s</%s>\n" % (lst_type, lst_opts, result, lst_type)
+        else:
+            return "<%s%s>\n%s</%s>\n\n" % (lst_type, lst_opts, result, lst_type)
+
+    @mark_stage(Stage.LISTS)
+    def _do_lists(self, text):
+        # Form HTML ordered (numbered) and unordered (bulleted) lists.
+
+        # Iterate over each *non-overlapping* list match.
+        pos = 0
+        while True:
+            # Find the *first* hit for either list style (ul or ol). We
+            # match ul and ol separately to avoid adjacent lists of different
+            # types running into each other (see issue #16).
+            hits = []
+            for marker_pat in (self._marker_ul, self._marker_ol):
+                less_than_tab = self.tab_width - 1
+                other_marker_pat = self._marker_ul if marker_pat == self._marker_ol else self._marker_ol
+                whole_list = r'''
+                    (                   # \1 = whole list
+                      (                 # \2
+                        ([ ]{0,%d})     # \3 = the indentation level of the list item marker
+                        (%s)            # \4 = first list item marker
+                        [ \t]+
+                        (?!\ *\4\ )     # '- - - ...' isn't a list. See 'not_quite_a_list' test case.
+                      )
+                      (?:.+?)
+                      (                 # \5
+                          \Z
+                        |
+                          \n{2,}
+                          (?=\S)
+                          (?!           # Negative lookahead for another list item marker
+                            [ \t]*
+                            %s[ \t]+
+                          )
+                        |
+                          \n+
+                          (?=
+                            \3          # lookahead for a different style of list item marker
+                            %s[ \t]+
+                          )
+                      )
+                    )
+                ''' % (less_than_tab, marker_pat, marker_pat, other_marker_pat)
+                if self.list_level:  # sub-list
+                    list_re = re.compile("^"+whole_list, re.X | re.M | re.S)
+                else:
+                    list_re = re.compile(r"(?:(?<=\n\n)|\A\n?)"+whole_list,
+                                         re.X | re.M | re.S)
+                match = list_re.search(text, pos)
+                if match:
+                    hits.append((match.start(), match))
+            if not hits:
+                break
+            hits.sort()
+            match = hits[0][1]
+            start, end = match.span()
+            middle = self._list_sub(match)
+            text = text[:start] + middle + text[end:]
+            pos = start + len(middle)  # start pos for next attempted match
+
+        return text
+
+    _list_item_re = re.compile(r'''
+        (\n)?                   # leading line = \1
+        (^[ \t]*)               # leading whitespace = \2
+        (?P<marker>%s) [ \t]+   # list marker = \3
+        ((?:.+?)                # list item text = \4
+        (\n{1,2}))              # eols = \5
+        (?= \n* (\Z | \2 (?P<next_marker>%s) [ \t]+))
+        ''' % (_marker_any, _marker_any),
+        re.M | re.X | re.S)
+
+    _task_list_item_re = re.compile(r'''
+        (\[[\ xX]\])[ \t]+       # tasklist marker = \1
+        (.*)                   # list item text = \2
+    ''', re.M | re.X | re.S)
+
+    _task_list_warpper_str = r'<input type="checkbox" class="task-list-item-checkbox" %sdisabled> %s'
+
+    def _task_list_item_sub(self, match):
+        marker = match.group(1)
+        item_text = match.group(2)
+        if marker in ['[x]','[X]']:
+                return self._task_list_warpper_str % ('checked ', item_text)
+        elif marker == '[ ]':
+                return self._task_list_warpper_str % ('', item_text)
+
+    _last_li_endswith_two_eols = False
+    def _list_item_sub(self, match):
+        item = match.group(4)
+        leading_line = match.group(1)
+        if leading_line or "\n\n" in item or self._last_li_endswith_two_eols:
+            item = self._uniform_outdent(item, min_outdent=' ', max_outdent=self.tab)[1]
+            item = self._run_block_gamut(item)
+        else:
+            # Recursion for sub-lists:
+            item = self._do_lists(self._uniform_outdent(item, min_outdent=' ')[1])
+            if item.endswith('\n'):
+                item = item[:-1]
+            item = self._run_span_gamut(item)
+        self._last_li_endswith_two_eols = (len(match.group(5)) == 2)
+
+        if "task_list" in self.extras:
+            item = self._task_list_item_re.sub(self._task_list_item_sub, item)
+
+        return "<li>%s</li>\n" % item
+
+    def _process_list_items(self, list_str):
+        # Process the contents of a single ordered or unordered list,
+        # splitting it into individual list items.
+
+        # The $g_list_level global keeps track of when we're inside a list.
+        # Each time we enter a list, we increment it; when we leave a list,
+        # we decrement. If it's zero, we're not in a list anymore.
+        #
+        # We do this because when we're not inside a list, we want to treat
+        # something like this:
+        #
+        #       I recommend upgrading to version
+        #       8. Oops, now this line is treated
+        #       as a sub-list.
+        #
+        # As a single paragraph, despite the fact that the second line starts
+        # with a digit-period-space sequence.
+        #
+        # Whereas when we're inside a list (or sub-list), that line will be
+        # treated as the start of a sub-list. What a kludge, huh? This is
+        # an aspect of Markdown's syntax that's hard to parse perfectly
+        # without resorting to mind-reading. Perhaps the solution is to
+        # change the syntax rules such that sub-lists must start with a
+        # starting cardinal number; e.g. "1." or "a.".
+        self.list_level += 1
+        self._last_li_endswith_two_eols = False
+        list_str = list_str.rstrip('\n') + '\n'
+        list_str = self._list_item_re.sub(self._list_item_sub, list_str)
+        self.list_level -= 1
+        return list_str
+
+    def _get_pygments_lexer(self, lexer_name):
+        try:
+            from pygments import lexers, util
+        except ImportError:
+            return None
+        try:
+            return lexers.get_lexer_by_name(lexer_name)
+        except util.ClassNotFound:
+            return None
+
+    def _color_with_pygments(self, codeblock, lexer, **formatter_opts):
+        import pygments
+        import pygments.formatters
+
+        class HtmlCodeFormatter(pygments.formatters.HtmlFormatter):
+            def _wrap_code(self, inner):
+                """A function for use in a Pygments Formatter which
+                wraps in <code> tags.
+                """
+                yield 0, "<code>"
+                for tup in inner:
+                    yield tup
+                yield 0, "</code>"
+
+            def _add_newline(self, inner):
+                # Add newlines around the inner contents so that _strict_tag_block_re matches the outer div.
+                yield 0, "\n"
+                yield from inner
+                yield 0, "\n"
+
+            def wrap(self, source, outfile=None):
+                """Return the source with a code, pre, and div."""
+                if outfile is None:
+                    # pygments >= 2.12
+                    return self._add_newline(self._wrap_pre(self._wrap_code(source)))
+                else:
+                    # pygments < 2.12
+                    return self._wrap_div(self._add_newline(self._wrap_pre(self._wrap_code(source))))
+
+        formatter_opts.setdefault("cssclass", "codehilite")
+        formatter = HtmlCodeFormatter(**formatter_opts)
+        return pygments.highlight(codeblock, lexer, formatter)
+
+    def _code_block_sub(self, match):
+        codeblock = match.group(1)
+        codeblock = self._outdent(codeblock)
+        codeblock = self._detab(codeblock)
+        codeblock = codeblock.lstrip('\n')  # trim leading newlines
+        codeblock = codeblock.rstrip()      # trim trailing whitespace
+
+        pre_class_str = self._html_class_str_from_tag("pre")
+        code_class_str = self._html_class_str_from_tag("code")
+
+        codeblock = self._encode_code(codeblock)
+
+        return "\n<pre%s><code%s>%s\n</code></pre>\n" % (
+            pre_class_str, code_class_str, codeblock)
+
+    def _html_class_str_from_tag(self, tag):
+        """Get the appropriate ' class="..."' string (note the leading
+        space), if any, for the given tag.
+        """
+        if "html-classes" not in self.extras:
+            return ""
+        try:
+            html_classes_from_tag = self.extras["html-classes"]
+        except TypeError:
+            return ""
+        else:
+            if isinstance(html_classes_from_tag, dict):
+                if tag in html_classes_from_tag:
+                    return ' class="%s"' % html_classes_from_tag[tag]
+        return ""
+
+    @mark_stage(Stage.CODE_BLOCKS)
+    def _do_code_blocks(self, text):
+        """Process Markdown `<pre><code>` blocks."""
+        code_block_re = re.compile(r'''
+            (?:\n\n|\A\n?)
+            (               # $1 = the code block -- one or more lines, starting with a space/tab
+              (?:
+                (?:[ ]{%d} | \t)  # Lines must start with a tab or a tab-width of spaces
+                .*\n+
+              )+
+            )
+            ((?=^[ ]{0,%d}\S)|\Z)   # Lookahead for non-space at line-start, or end of doc
+            # Lookahead to make sure this block isn't already in a code block.
+            # Needed when syntax highlighting is being used.
+            (?!([^<]|<(/?)span)*\</code\>)
+            ''' % (self.tab_width, self.tab_width),
+            re.M | re.X)
+        return code_block_re.sub(self._code_block_sub, text)
+
+    # Rules for a code span:
+    # - backslash escapes are not interpreted in a code span
+    # - to include one or or a run of more backticks the delimiters must
+    #   be a longer run of backticks
+    # - cannot start or end a code span with a backtick; pad with a
+    #   space and that space will be removed in the emitted HTML
+    # See `test/tm-cases/escapes.text` for a number of edge-case
+    # examples.
+    _code_span_re = re.compile(r'''
+            (?<!\\)
+            (`+)        # \1 = Opening run of `
+            (?!`)       # See Note A test/tm-cases/escapes.text
+            (.+?)       # \2 = The code block
+            (?<!`)
+            \1          # Matching closer
+            (?!`)
+        ''', re.X | re.S)
+
+    def _code_span_sub(self, match):
+        c = match.group(2).strip(" \t")
+        c = self._encode_code(c)
+        return "<code%s>%s</code>" % (self._html_class_str_from_tag("code"), c)
+
+    @mark_stage(Stage.CODE_SPANS)
+    def _do_code_spans(self, text):
+        #   *   Backtick quotes are used for <code></code> spans.
+        #
+        #   *   You can use multiple backticks as the delimiters if you want to
+        #       include literal backticks in the code span. So, this input:
+        #
+        #         Just type ``foo `bar` baz`` at the prompt.
+        #
+        #       Will translate to:
+        #
+        #         <p>Just type <code>foo `bar` baz</code> at the prompt.</p>
+        #
+        #       There's no arbitrary limit to the number of backticks you
+        #       can use as delimters. If you need three consecutive backticks
+        #       in your code, use four for delimiters, etc.
+        #
+        #   *   You can use spaces to get literal backticks at the edges:
+        #
+        #         ... type `` `bar` `` ...
+        #
+        #       Turns to:
+        #
+        #         ... type <code>`bar`</code> ...
+        return self._code_span_re.sub(self._code_span_sub, text)
+
+    def _encode_code(self, text):
+        """Encode/escape certain characters inside Markdown code runs.
+        The point is that in code, these characters are literals,
+        and lose their special Markdown meanings.
+        """
+        replacements = [
+            # Encode all ampersands; HTML entities are not
+            # entities within a Markdown code span.
+            ('&', '&amp;'),
+            # Do the angle bracket song and dance:
+            ('<', '&lt;'),
+            ('>', '&gt;'),
+        ]
+        for before, after in replacements:
+            text = text.replace(before, after)
+        hashed = _hash_text(text)
+        self._code_table[text] = hashed
+        return hashed
+
+    _strong_re = re.compile(r"(\*\*|__)(?=\S)(.+?[*_]?)(?<=\S)\1", re.S)
+    _em_re = re.compile(r"(\*|_)(?=\S)(.*?\S)\1", re.S)
+
+    @mark_stage(Stage.ITALIC_AND_BOLD)
+    def _do_italics_and_bold(self, text):
+        # <strong> must go first:
+        text = self._strong_re.sub(r"<strong>\2</strong>", text)
+        text = self._em_re.sub(r"<em>\2</em>", text)
+        return text
+
+    _block_quote_base = r'''
+        (                           # Wrap whole match in \1
+          (
+            ^[ \t]*>%s[ \t]?        # '>' at the start of a line
+              .+\n                  # rest of the first line
+            (.+\n)*                 # subsequent consecutive lines
+          )+
+        )
+    '''
+    _block_quote_re = re.compile(_block_quote_base % '', re.M | re.X)
+    _block_quote_re_spoiler = re.compile(_block_quote_base % '[ \t]*?!?', re.M | re.X)
+    _bq_one_level_re = re.compile('^[ \t]*>[ \t]?', re.M)
+    _bq_one_level_re_spoiler = re.compile('^[ \t]*>[ \t]*?![ \t]?', re.M)
+    _bq_all_lines_spoilers = re.compile(r'\A(?:^[ \t]*>[ \t]*?!.*[\n\r]*)+\Z', re.M)
+    _html_pre_block_re = re.compile(r'(\s*<pre>.+?</pre>)', re.S)
+    def _dedent_two_spaces_sub(self, match):
+        return re.sub(r'(?m)^  ', '', match.group(1))
+
+    def _block_quote_sub(self, match):
+        bq = match.group(1)
+        is_spoiler = 'spoiler' in self.extras and self._bq_all_lines_spoilers.match(bq)
+        # trim one level of quoting
+        if is_spoiler:
+            bq = self._bq_one_level_re_spoiler.sub('', bq)
+        else:
+            bq = self._bq_one_level_re.sub('', bq)
+        # trim whitespace-only lines
+        bq = self._ws_only_line_re.sub('', bq)
+        bq = self._run_block_gamut(bq)          # recurse
+
+        bq = re.sub('(?m)^', '  ', bq)
+        # These leading spaces screw with <pre> content, so we need to fix that:
+        bq = self._html_pre_block_re.sub(self._dedent_two_spaces_sub, bq)
+
+        if is_spoiler:
+            return '<blockquote class="spoiler">\n%s\n</blockquote>\n\n' % bq
+        else:
+            return '<blockquote>\n%s\n</blockquote>\n\n' % bq
+
+    @mark_stage(Stage.BLOCK_QUOTES)
+    def _do_block_quotes(self, text):
+        if '>' not in text:
+            return text
+        if 'spoiler' in self.extras:
+            return self._block_quote_re_spoiler.sub(self._block_quote_sub, text)
+        else:
+            return self._block_quote_re.sub(self._block_quote_sub, text)
+
+    @mark_stage(Stage.PARAGRAPHS)
+    def _form_paragraphs(self, text):
+        # Strip leading and trailing lines:
+        text = text.strip('\n')
+
+        # Wrap <p> tags.
+        grafs = []
+        for i, graf in enumerate(re.split(r"\n{2,}", text)):
+            if graf in self.html_blocks:
+                # Unhashify HTML blocks
+                grafs.append(self.html_blocks[graf])
+            else:
+                cuddled_list = None
+                if "cuddled-lists" in self.extras:
+                    # Need to put back trailing '\n' for `_list_item_re`
+                    # match at the end of the paragraph.
+                    li = self._list_item_re.search(graf + '\n')
+                    # Two of the same list marker in this paragraph: a likely
+                    # candidate for a list cuddled to preceding paragraph
+                    # text (issue 33). Note the `[-1]` is a quick way to
+                    # consider numeric bullets (e.g. "1." and "2.") to be
+                    # equal.
+                    if (li and len(li.group(2)) <= 3
+                            and (
+                                    (li.group("next_marker") and li.group("marker")[-1] == li.group("next_marker")[-1])
+                                    or
+                                    li.group("next_marker") is None
+                            )
+                    ):
+                        start = li.start()
+                        cuddled_list = self._do_lists(graf[start:]).rstrip("\n")
+                        assert re.match(r'^<(?:ul|ol).*?>', cuddled_list)
+                        graf = graf[:start]
+
+                # Wrap <p> tags.
+                graf = self._run_span_gamut(graf)
+                grafs.append("<p%s>" % self._html_class_str_from_tag('p') + graf.lstrip(" \t") + "</p>")
+
+                if cuddled_list:
+                    grafs.append(cuddled_list)
+
+        return "\n\n".join(grafs)
+
+    def _add_footnotes(self, text):
+        if self.footnotes:
+            footer = [
+                '<div class="footnotes">',
+                '<hr' + self.empty_element_suffix,
+                '<ol>',
+            ]
+
+            if not self.footnote_title:
+                self.footnote_title = "Jump back to footnote %d in the text."
+            if not self.footnote_return_symbol:
+                self.footnote_return_symbol = "&#8617;"
+
+            # self.footnotes is generated in _strip_footnote_definitions, which runs re.sub on the whole
+            # text. This means that the dict keys are inserted in order of appearance. Use the dict to
+            # sort footnote ids by that same order
+            self.footnote_ids.sort(key=lambda a: list(self.footnotes.keys()).index(a))
+            for i, id in enumerate(self.footnote_ids):
+                if i != 0:
+                    footer.append('')
+                footer.append('<li id="fn-%s">' % id)
+                footer.append(self._run_block_gamut(self.footnotes[id]))
+                try:
+                    backlink = ('<a href="#fnref-%s" ' +
+                            'class="footnoteBackLink" ' +
+                            'title="' + self.footnote_title + '">' +
+                            self.footnote_return_symbol +
+                            '</a>') % (id, i+1)
+                except TypeError:
+                    log.debug("Footnote error. `footnote_title` "
+                              "must include parameter. Using defaults.")
+                    backlink = ('<a href="#fnref-%s" '
+                        'class="footnoteBackLink" '
+                        'title="Jump back to footnote %d in the text.">'
+                        '&#8617;</a>' % (id, i+1))
+
+                if footer[-1].endswith("</p>"):
+                    footer[-1] = footer[-1][:-len("</p>")] \
+                        + '&#160;' + backlink + "</p>"
+                else:
+                    footer.append("\n<p>%s</p>" % backlink)
+                footer.append('</li>')
+            footer.append('</ol>')
+            footer.append('</div>')
+            return text + '\n\n' + '\n'.join(footer)
+        else:
+            return text
+
+    _naked_lt_re = re.compile(r'<(?![a-z/?\$!])', re.I)
+    _naked_gt_re = re.compile(r'''(?<![a-z0-9?!/'"-])>''', re.I)
+
+    def _encode_amps_and_angles(self, text):
+        # Smart processing for ampersands and angle brackets that need
+        # to be encoded.
+        text = _AMPERSAND_RE.sub('&amp;', text)
+
+        # Encode naked <'s
+        text = self._naked_lt_re.sub('&lt;', text)
+
+        # Encode naked >'s
+        # Note: Other markdown implementations (e.g. Markdown.pl, PHP
+        # Markdown) don't do this.
+        text = self._naked_gt_re.sub('&gt;', text)
+        return text
+
+    _incomplete_tags_re = re.compile(r"<(!--|/?\w+?(?!\w)\s*?.+?[\s/]+?)")
+
+    def _encode_incomplete_tags(self, text):
+        if self.safe_mode not in ("replace", "escape"):
+            return text
+
+        if text.endswith(">"):
+            return text  # this is not an incomplete tag, this is a link in the form <http://x.y.z>
+
+        def incomplete_tags_sub(match):
+            return match.group().replace('<', '&lt;')
+
+        return self._incomplete_tags_re.sub(incomplete_tags_sub, text)
+
+    def _encode_backslash_escapes(self, text):
+        for ch, escape in list(self._escape_table.items()):
+            text = text.replace("\\"+ch, escape)
+        return text
+
+    _auto_link_re = re.compile(r'<((https?|ftp):[^\'">\s]+)>', re.I)
+    def _auto_link_sub(self, match):
+        g1 = match.group(1)
+        return '<a href="%s">%s</a>' % (self._protect_url(g1), g1)
+
+    _auto_email_link_re = re.compile(r"""
+          <
+           (?:mailto:)?
+          (
+              [-.\w]+
+              \@
+              [-\w]+(\.[-\w]+)*\.[a-z]+
+          )
+          >
+        """, re.I | re.X | re.U)
+    def _auto_email_link_sub(self, match):
+        return self._encode_email_address(
+            self._unescape_special_chars(match.group(1)))
+
+    def _do_auto_links(self, text):
+        text = self._auto_link_re.sub(self._auto_link_sub, text)
+        text = self._auto_email_link_re.sub(self._auto_email_link_sub, text)
+        return text
+
+    def _encode_email_address(self, addr):
+        #  Input: an email address, e.g. "foo@example.com"
+        #
+        #  Output: the email address as a mailto link, with each character
+        #      of the address encoded as either a decimal or hex entity, in
+        #      the hopes of foiling most address harvesting spam bots. E.g.:
+        #
+        #    <a href="&#x6D;&#97;&#105;&#108;&#x74;&#111;:&#102;&#111;&#111;&#64;&#101;
+        #       x&#x61;&#109;&#x70;&#108;&#x65;&#x2E;&#99;&#111;&#109;">&#102;&#111;&#111;
+        #       &#64;&#101;x&#x61;&#109;&#x70;&#108;&#x65;&#x2E;&#99;&#111;&#109;</a>
+        #
+        #  Based on a filter by Matthew Wickline, posted to the BBEdit-Talk
+        #  mailing list: <http://tinyurl.com/yu7ue>
+        chars = [_xml_encode_email_char_at_random(ch)
+                 for ch in "mailto:" + addr]
+        # Strip the mailto: from the visible part.
+        addr = '<a href="%s">%s</a>' \
+               % (''.join(chars), ''.join(chars[7:]))
+        return addr
+
+    def _unescape_special_chars(self, text):
+        # Swap back in all the special characters we've hidden.
+        hashmap = tuple(self._escape_table.items()) + tuple(self._code_table.items())
+        # html_blocks table is in format {hash: item} compared to usual {item: hash}
+        hashmap += tuple(tuple(reversed(i)) for i in self.html_blocks.items())
+        while True:
+            orig_text = text
+            for ch, hash in hashmap:
+                text = text.replace(hash, ch)
+            if text == orig_text:
+                break
+        return text
+
+    def _outdent(self, text):
+        # Remove one level of line-leading tabs or spaces
+        return self._outdent_re.sub('', text)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _uniform_outdent(text, min_outdent=None, max_outdent=None):
+        '''
+        Removes the smallest common leading indentation from each (non empty)
+        line of `text` and returns said indent along with the outdented text.
+
+        Args:
+            min_outdent: make sure the smallest common whitespace is at least this size
+            max_outdent: the maximum amount a line can be outdented by
+        '''
+
+        # find the leading whitespace for every line
+        whitespace = [
+            re.findall(r'^[ \t]*', line)[0] if line else None
+            for line in text.splitlines()
+        ]
+        whitespace_not_empty = [i for i in whitespace if i is not None]
+
+        # if no whitespace detected (ie: no lines in code block, issue #505)
+        if not whitespace_not_empty:
+            return '', text
+
+        # get minimum common whitespace
+        outdent = min(whitespace_not_empty)
+        # adjust min common ws to be within bounds
+        if min_outdent is not None:
+            outdent = min([i for i in whitespace_not_empty if i >= min_outdent] or [min_outdent])
+        if max_outdent is not None:
+            outdent = min(outdent, max_outdent)
+
+        outdented = []
+        for line_ws, line in zip(whitespace, text.splitlines(True)):
+            if line.startswith(outdent):
+                # if line starts with smallest common ws, dedent it
+                outdented.append(line.replace(outdent, '', 1))
+            elif line_ws is not None and line_ws < outdent:
+                # if less indented than min common whitespace then outdent as much as possible
+                outdented.append(line.replace(line_ws, '', 1))
+            else:
+                outdented.append(line)
+
+        return outdent, ''.join(outdented)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _uniform_indent(text, indent, include_empty_lines=False, indent_empty_lines=False):
+        '''
+        Uniformly indent a block of text by a fixed amount
+
+        Args:
+            text: the text to indent
+            indent: a string containing the indent to apply
+            include_empty_lines: don't remove whitespace only lines
+            indent_empty_lines: indent whitespace only lines with the rest of the text
+        '''
+        blocks = []
+        for line in text.splitlines(True):
+            if line.strip() or indent_empty_lines:
+                blocks.append(indent + line)
+            elif include_empty_lines:
+                blocks.append(line)
+            else:
+                blocks.append('')
+        return ''.join(blocks)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _match_overlaps_substr(text, match, substr):
+        '''
+        Checks if a regex match overlaps with a substring in the given text.
+        '''
+        for instance in re.finditer(re.escape(substr), text):
+            start, end = instance.span()
+            if start <= match.start() <= end:
+                return True
+            if start <= match.end() <= end:
+                return True
+        return False
+
+
+class MarkdownWithExtras(Markdown):
+    """A markdowner class that enables most extras:
+
+    - footnotes
+    - fenced-code-blocks (only highlights code if 'pygments' Python module on path)
+
+    These are not included:
+    - pyshell (specific to Python-related documenting)
+    - code-friendly (because it *disables* part of the syntax)
+    - link-patterns (because you need to specify some actual
+      link-patterns anyway)
+    """
+    extras = ["footnotes", "fenced-code-blocks"]
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+# Extras
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Base classes
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+class Extra(ABC):
+    _registry = {}
+    _exec_order: Dict[Stage, Tuple[List['Extra'], List['Extra']]] = {}
+
+    name: str
+    '''
+    An identifiable name that users can use to invoke the extra
+    in the Markdown class
+    '''
+    order: Tuple[Iterable[Union[Stage, 'Extra']], Iterable[Union[Stage, 'Extra']]]
+    '''
+    Tuple of two iterables containing the stages/extras this extra will run before and
+    after, respectively
+    '''
+
+    def __init__(self, md: Markdown, options: Optional[dict]):
+        '''
+        Args:
+            md: An instance of `Markdown`
+            options: a dict of settings to alter the extra's behaviour
+        '''
+        self.md = md
+        self.options = options if options is not None else {}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def deregister(cls):
+        '''
+        Removes the class from the extras registry and unsets its execution order.
+        '''
+        if cls.name in cls._registry:
+            del cls._registry[cls.name]
+
+        for exec_order in Extra._exec_order.values():
+            # find everywhere this extra is mentioned and remove it
+            for section in exec_order:
+                while cls in section:
+                    section.remove(cls)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def register(cls):
+        '''
+        Registers the class for use with `Markdown` and calculates its execution order based on
+        the `order` class attribute.
+        '''
+        cls._registry[cls.name] = cls
+
+        for index, item in enumerate((*cls.order[0], *cls.order[1])):
+            before = index < len(cls.order[0])
+            if not isinstance(item, Stage) and issubclass(item, Extra):
+                # eg: FencedCodeBlocks
+                for exec_orders in Extra._exec_order.values():
+                    # insert this extra everywhere the other one is mentioned
+                    for section in exec_orders:
+                        if item in section:
+                            to_index = section.index(item)
+                            if not before:
+                                to_index += 1
+                            section.insert(to_index, cls)
+            else:
+                # eg: Stage.PREPROCESS
+                Extra._exec_order.setdefault(item, ([], []))
+                if cls in Extra._exec_order[item][0 if before else 1]:
+                    # extra is already runnig after this stage. Don't duplicate that effort
+                    continue
+                if before:
+                    Extra._exec_order[item][0].insert(0, cls)
+                else:
+                    Extra._exec_order[item][1].append(cls)
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def run(self, text: str) -> str:
+        '''
+        Run the extra against the given text.
+
+        Returns:
+            The new text after being modified by the extra
+        '''
+        ...
+
+    def test(self, text: str) -> bool:
+        '''
+        Check a section of markdown to see if this extra should be run upon it.
+        The default implementation will always return True but it's recommended to override
+        this behaviour to improve performance.
+        '''
+        return True
+
+
+class ItalicAndBoldProcessor(Extra):
+    '''
+    An ABC that provides hooks for dealing with italics and bold syntax.
+    This class is set to trigger both before AND after the italics and bold stage.
+    This allows any child classes to intercept instances of bold or italic syntax and
+    change the output or hash it to prevent it from being processed.
+
+    After the I&B stage any hashes in the `hash_tables` instance variable are replaced.
+    '''
+    name = 'italic-and-bold-processor'
+    order = (Stage.ITALIC_AND_BOLD,), (Stage.ITALIC_AND_BOLD,)
+
+    strong_re = Markdown._strong_re
+    em_re = Markdown._em_re
+
+    def __init__(self, md: Markdown, options: dict):
+        super().__init__(md, options)
+        self.hash_table = {}
+
+    def run(self, text):
+        if self.md.order < Stage.ITALIC_AND_BOLD:
+            text = self.strong_re.sub(self.sub, text)
+            text = self.em_re.sub(self.sub, text)
+        else:
+            # put any hashed values back
+            for key, substr in self.hash_table.items():
+                text = text.replace(key, substr)
+        return text
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def sub(self, match):
+        # do nothing. Let `Markdown._do_italics_and_bold` do its thing later
+        return match.string[match.start(): match.end()]
+
+    def sub_hash(self, match):
+        substr = match.string[match.start(): match.end()]
+        key = _hash_text(substr)
+        self.hash_table[key] = substr
+        return key
+
+    def test(self, text):
+        if self.md.order < Stage.ITALIC_AND_BOLD:
+            return '*' in text or '_' in text
+        return self.hash_table and re.search(r'md5-[0-9a-z]{32}', text)
+
+# User facing extras
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class Admonitions(Extra):
+    '''
+    Enable parsing of RST admonitions
+    '''
+
+    name = 'admonitions'
+    order = (Stage.BLOCK_GAMUT, Stage.LINK_DEFS), ()
+
+    admonitions = r'admonition|attention|caution|danger|error|hint|important|note|tip|warning'
+
+    admonitions_re = re.compile(r'''
+        ^(\ *)\.\.\ (%s)::\ *                # $1 leading indent, $2 the admonition
+        (.*)?                                # $3 admonition title
+        ((?:\s*\n\1\ {3,}.*)+?)              # $4 admonition body (required)
+        (?=\s*(?:\Z|\n{4,}|\n\1?\ {0,2}\S))  # until EOF, 3 blank lines or something less indented
+        ''' % admonitions,
+        re.IGNORECASE | re.MULTILINE | re.VERBOSE
+    )
+
+    def test(self, text):
+        return self.admonitions_re.search(text) is not None
+
+    def sub(self, match):
+        lead_indent, admonition_name, title, body = match.groups()
+
+        admonition_type = '<strong>%s</strong>' % admonition_name
+
+        # figure out the class names to assign the block
+        if admonition_name.lower() == 'admonition':
+            admonition_class = 'admonition'
+        else:
+            admonition_class = 'admonition %s' % admonition_name.lower()
+
+        # titles are generally optional
+        if title:
+            title = '<em>%s</em>' % title
+
+        # process the admonition body like regular markdown
+        body = self.md._run_block_gamut("\n%s\n" % self.md._uniform_outdent(body)[1])
+
+        # indent the body before placing inside the aside block
+        admonition = self.md._uniform_indent(
+            '%s\n%s\n\n%s\n' % (admonition_type, title, body),
+            self.md.tab, False
+        )
+        # wrap it in an aside
+        admonition = '<aside class="%s">\n%s</aside>' % (admonition_class, admonition)
+        # now indent the whole admonition back to where it started
+        return self.md._uniform_indent(admonition, lead_indent, False)
+
+    def run(self, text):
+        return self.admonitions_re.sub(self.sub, text)
+
+
+class Breaks(Extra):
+    name = 'breaks'
+    order = (), (Stage.ITALIC_AND_BOLD,)
+
+    def run(self, text):
+        on_backslash = self.options.get('on_backslash', False)
+        on_newline = self.options.get('on_newline', False)
+
+        if on_backslash and on_newline:
+            pattern = r' *\\?'
+        elif on_backslash:
+            pattern = r'(?: *\\| {2,})'
+        elif on_newline:
+            pattern = r' *'
+        else:
+            pattern = r' {2,}'
+
+        break_tag = "<br%s\n" % self.md.empty_element_suffix
+        text = re.sub(pattern + r"\n(?!\<(?:\/?(ul|ol|li))\>)", break_tag, text)
+
+        return text
+
+
+class CodeFriendly(ItalicAndBoldProcessor):
+    '''
+    Disable _ and __ for em and strong.
+    '''
+    name = 'code-friendly'
+
+    def sub(self, match):
+        syntax = match.group(1)
+        if '_' not in syntax:
+            return super().sub(match)
+        text = match.string[match.start(): match.end()]
+        key = _hash_text(text)
+        self.hash_table[key] = text
+        return key
+
+
+class FencedCodeBlocks(Extra):
+    '''
+    Allows a code block to not have to be indented
+    by fencing it with '```' on a line before and after. Based on
+    <http://github.github.com/github-flavored-markdown/> with support for
+    syntax highlighting.
+    '''
+
+    name = 'fenced-code-blocks'
+    order = (Stage.LINK_DEFS, Stage.BLOCK_GAMUT), (Stage.PREPROCESS,)
+
+    fenced_code_block_re = re.compile(r'''
+        (?:\n+|\A\n?|(?<=\n))
+        (^[ \t]*`{3,})\s{0,99}?([\w+-]+)?\s{0,99}?\n  # $1 = opening fence (captured for back-referencing), $2 = optional lang
+        (.*?)                             # $3 = code block content
+        \1[ \t]*\n                      # closing fence
+        ''', re.M | re.X | re.S)
+
+    def test(self, text):
+        if '```' not in text:
+            return False
+        if self.md.stage == Stage.PREPROCESS and not self.md.safe_mode:
+            return True
+        if self.md.stage == Stage.LINK_DEFS and self.md.safe_mode:
+            return True
+        return self.md.stage == Stage.BLOCK_GAMUT
+
+    def _code_block_with_lexer_sub(self, codeblock, leading_indent, lexer):
+        formatter_opts = self.md.extras['fenced-code-blocks'] or {}
+
+        def unhash_code(codeblock):
+            for key, sanitized in list(self.md.html_spans.items()):
+                codeblock = codeblock.replace(key, sanitized)
+            replacements = [
+                ("&amp;", "&"),
+                ("&lt;", "<"),
+                ("&gt;", ">")
+            ]
+            for old, new in replacements:
+                codeblock = codeblock.replace(old, new)
+            return codeblock
+        # remove leading indent from code block
+        _, codeblock = self.md._uniform_outdent(codeblock, max_outdent=leading_indent)
+
+        codeblock = unhash_code(codeblock)
+        colored = self.md._color_with_pygments(codeblock, lexer,
+                                               **formatter_opts)
+
+        # add back the indent to all lines
+        return "\n%s\n" % self.md._uniform_indent(colored, leading_indent, True)
+
+    def tags(self, lexer_name) -> tuple:
+        '''
+        Returns the tags that the encoded code block will be wrapped in, based
+        upon the lexer name.
+
+        This function can be overridden by subclasses to piggy-back off of the
+        fenced code blocks syntax (see `Mermaid` extra).
+
+        Returns:
+            The opening and closing tags, as strings within a tuple
+        '''
+        pre_class = self.md._html_class_str_from_tag('pre')
+        if "highlightjs-lang" in self.md.extras and lexer_name:
+            code_class = ' class="%s language-%s"' % (lexer_name, lexer_name)
+        else:
+            code_class = self.md._html_class_str_from_tag('code')
+        return ('<pre%s><code%s>' % (pre_class, code_class), '</code></pre>')
+
+    def sub(self, match):
+        lexer_name = match.group(2)
+        codeblock = match.group(3)
+        codeblock = codeblock[:-1]  # drop one trailing newline
+
+        # Use pygments only if not using the highlightjs-lang extra
+        if lexer_name and "highlightjs-lang" not in self.md.extras:
+            lexer = self.md._get_pygments_lexer(lexer_name)
+            if lexer:
+                leading_indent = ' '*(len(match.group(1)) - len(match.group(1).lstrip()))
+                return self._code_block_with_lexer_sub(codeblock, leading_indent, lexer)
+
+        # Fenced code blocks need to be outdented before encoding, and then reapplied
+        leading_indent = ' ' * (len(match.group(1)) - len(match.group(1).lstrip()))
+        if codeblock:
+            # only run the codeblock through the outdenter if not empty
+            leading_indent, codeblock = self.md._uniform_outdent(codeblock, max_outdent=leading_indent)
+
+        codeblock = self.md._encode_code(codeblock)
+
+        tags = self.tags(lexer_name)
+
+        return "\n%s%s%s\n%s\n" % (leading_indent, tags[0], codeblock, tags[1])
+
+    def run(self, text):
+        return self.fenced_code_block_re.sub(self.sub, text)
+
+class Latex(Extra):
+    '''
+    Convert $ and $$ to <math> and </math> tags for inline and block math.
+    '''
+    name = 'latex'
+    order = (Stage.HASH_HTML,), ()
+
+    _single_dollar_re = re.compile(r'(?<!\$)\$(?!\$)(.*?)\$')
+    _double_dollar_re = re.compile(r'\$\$(.*?)\$\$', re.DOTALL)
+
+    _pre_code_block_re = re.compile(r"<pre>(.*?)</pre>", re.DOTALL)
+
+    converter = None
+    code_blocks = {}
+
+    def _convert_single_match(self, match):
+        return self.converter.convert(match.group(1))
+
+    def _convert_double_match(self, match):
+        return self.converter.convert(match.group(1).replace(r"\n", ''), display="block")
+
+    def code_placeholder(self, match):
+        #print("found match:", match, match.group(0), match.group(1))
+        placeholder = f"<!--CODE_BLOCK_{len(self.code_blocks)}-->"
+        self.code_blocks[placeholder] = match.group(0)
+        return placeholder
+
+    def run(self, text):
+        try:
+            import latex2mathml.converter
+            self.converter = latex2mathml.converter
+        except ImportError:
+            raise ImportError('The "latex" extra requires the "latex2mathml" package to be installed.')
+
+        text = self._pre_code_block_re.sub(self.code_placeholder, text)
+
+        #print("Temp Text", text)
+
+        text = self._single_dollar_re.sub(self._convert_single_match, text)
+        text = self._double_dollar_re.sub(self._convert_double_match, text)
+
+        for placeholder, code_block in self.code_blocks.items():
+            text = text.replace(placeholder, code_block)
+
+        return text
+
+
+
+
+
+class LinkPatterns(Extra):
+    '''
+    Auto-link given regex patterns in text (e.g. bug number
+    references, revision number references).
+    '''
+    name = 'link-patterns'
+    order = (Stage.LINKS,), ()
+
+    _basic_link_re = re.compile(r'!?\[.*?\]\(.*?\)')
+
+    def run(self, text):
+        link_from_hash = {}
+        for regex, repl in self.options:
+            replacements = []
+            for match in regex.finditer(text):
+                if any(self.md._match_overlaps_substr(text, match, h) for h in link_from_hash):
+                    continue
+
+                if hasattr(repl, "__call__"):
+                    href = repl(match)
+                else:
+                    href = match.expand(repl)
+                replacements.append((match.span(), href))
+            for (start, end), href in reversed(replacements):
+
+                # Do not match against links inside brackets.
+                if text[start - 1:start] == '[' and text[end:end + 1] == ']':
+                    continue
+
+                # Do not match against links in the standard markdown syntax.
+                if text[start - 2:start] == '](' or text[end:end + 2] == '")':
+                    continue
+
+                # Do not match against links which are escaped.
+                if text[start - 3:start] == '"""' and text[end:end + 3] == '"""':
+                    text = text[:start - 3] + text[start:end] + text[end + 3:]
+                    continue
+
+                # search the text for anything that looks like a link
+                is_inside_link = False
+                for link_re in (self.md._auto_link_re, self._basic_link_re):
+                    for match in link_re.finditer(text):
+                        if any((r[0] <= start and end <= r[1]) for r in match.regs):
+                            # if the link pattern start and end pos is within the bounds of
+                            # something that looks like a link, then don't process it
+                            is_inside_link = True
+                            break
+                    else:
+                        continue
+                    break
+
+                if is_inside_link:
+                    continue
+
+                escaped_href = (
+                    href.replace('"', '&quot;')  # b/c of attr quote
+                        # To avoid markdown <em> and <strong>:
+                        .replace('*', self.md._escape_table['*'])
+                        .replace('_', self.md._escape_table['_']))
+                link = '<a href="%s">%s</a>' % (escaped_href, text[start:end])
+                hash = _hash_text(link)
+                link_from_hash[hash] = link
+                text = text[:start] + hash + text[end:]
+        for hash, link in list(link_from_hash.items()):
+            text = text.replace(hash, link)
+        return text
+
+    def test(self, text):
+        return True
+
+
+class MarkdownInHTML(Extra):
+    '''
+    Allow the use of `markdown="1"` in a block HTML tag to
+    have markdown processing be done on its contents. Similar to
+    <http://michelf.com/projects/php-markdown/extra/#markdown-attr> but with
+    some limitations.
+    '''
+    name = 'markdown-in-html'
+    order = (), (Stage.HASH_HTML,)
+
+    def run(self, text):
+        def callback(block):
+            indent, block = self.md._uniform_outdent(block)
+            block = self.md._hash_html_block_sub(block)
+            block = self.md._uniform_indent(block, indent, include_empty_lines=True, indent_empty_lines=False)
+            return block
+
+        return self.md._strict_tag_block_sub(text, self.md._block_tags_a, callback, True)
+
+    def test(self, text):
+        return True
+
+
+class Mermaid(FencedCodeBlocks):
+    name = 'mermaid'
+    order = (FencedCodeBlocks,), ()
+
+    def tags(self, lexer_name):
+        if lexer_name == 'mermaid':
+            return ('<pre class="mermaid-pre"><div class="mermaid">', '</div></pre>')
+        return super().tags(lexer_name)
+
+
+class MiddleWordEm(ItalicAndBoldProcessor):
+    '''
+    Allows or disallows emphasis syntax in the middle of words,
+    defaulting to allow. Disabling this means that `this_text_here` will not be
+    converted to `this<em>text</em>here`.
+    '''
+    name = 'middle-word-em'
+    order = (CodeFriendly,), (Stage.ITALIC_AND_BOLD,)
+
+    def __init__(self, md: Markdown, options: Union[dict, bool]):
+        '''
+        Args:
+            md: the markdown instance
+            options: can be bool for backwards compatibility but will be converted to a dict
+                in the constructor. All options are:
+                - allowed (bool): whether to allow emphasis in the middle of a word.
+                    If `options` is a bool it will be placed under this key.
+        '''
+        if isinstance(options, bool):
+            options = {'allowed': options}
+        options.setdefault('allowed', True)
+        super().__init__(md, options)
+
+        self.liberal_em_re = self.em_re
+        if not options['allowed']:
+            self.em_re = re.compile(r'(?<=\b)%s(?=\b)' % self.liberal_em_re.pattern, self.liberal_em_re.flags)
+
+    def run(self, text):
+        # run strong and whatnot first
+        # this also will process all strict ems
+        text = super().run(text)
+        if self.md.order < self.md.stage:
+            # hash all non-valid ems
+            text = self.liberal_em_re.sub(self.sub_hash, text)
+        return text
+
+    def sub(self, match):
+        syntax = match.group(1)
+        if len(syntax) != 1:
+            # strong syntax
+            return super().sub(match)
+        return '<em>%s</em>' % match.group(2)
+
+    def sub_hash(self, match):
+        text = match.string[match.start(): match.end()]
+        key = _hash_text(text)
+        self.hash_table[key] = text
+        return key
+
+
+class Numbering(Extra):
+    '''
+    Support of generic counters.  Non standard extension to
+    allow sequential numbering of figures, tables, equations, exhibits etc.
+    '''
+
+    name = 'numbering'
+    order = (Stage.LINK_DEFS,), ()
+
+    def test(self, text):
+        return True
+
+    def run(self, text):
+        # First pass to define all the references
+        regex_defns = re.compile(r'''
+            \[\#(\w+) # the counter.  Open square plus hash plus a word \1
+            ([^@]*)   # Some optional characters, that aren't an @. \2
+            @(\w+)       # the id.  Should this be normed? \3
+            ([^\]]*)\]   # The rest of the text up to the terminating ] \4
+            ''', re.VERBOSE)
+        regex_subs = re.compile(r"\[@(\w+)\s*\]")  # [@ref_id]
+        counters = {}
+        references = {}
+        replacements = []
+        definition_html = '<figcaption class="{}" id="counter-ref-{}">{}{}{}</figcaption>'
+        reference_html = '<a class="{}" href="#counter-ref-{}">{}</a>'
+        for match in regex_defns.finditer(text):
+            # We must have four match groups otherwise this isn't a numbering reference
+            if len(match.groups()) != 4:
+                continue
+            counter = match.group(1)
+            text_before = match.group(2).strip()
+            ref_id = match.group(3)
+            text_after = match.group(4)
+            number = counters.get(counter, 1)
+            references[ref_id] = (number, counter)
+            replacements.append((match.start(0),
+                                 definition_html.format(counter,
+                                                        ref_id,
+                                                        text_before,
+                                                        number,
+                                                        text_after),
+                                 match.end(0)))
+            counters[counter] = number + 1
+        for repl in reversed(replacements):
+            text = text[:repl[0]] + repl[1] + text[repl[2]:]
+
+        # Second pass to replace the references with the right
+        # value of the counter
+        # Fwiw, it's vaguely annoying to have to turn the iterator into
+        # a list and then reverse it but I can't think of a better thing to do.
+        for match in reversed(list(regex_subs.finditer(text))):
+            number, counter = references.get(match.group(1), (None, None))
+            if number is not None:
+                repl = reference_html.format(counter,
+                                             match.group(1),
+                                             number)
+            else:
+                repl = reference_html.format(match.group(1),
+                                             'countererror',
+                                             '?' + match.group(1) + '?')
+            if "smarty-pants" in self.md.extras:
+                repl = repl.replace('"', self.md._escape_table['"'])
+
+            text = text[:match.start()] + repl + text[match.end():]
+        return text
+
+
+class PyShell(Extra):
+    '''
+    Treats unindented Python interactive shell sessions as <code>
+    blocks.
+    '''
+
+    name = 'pyshell'
+    order = (), (Stage.LISTS,)
+
+    def test(self, text):
+        return ">>>" in text
+
+    def sub(self, match):
+        if "fenced-code-blocks" in self.md.extras:
+            dedented = _dedent(match.group(0))
+            return self.md.extra_classes['fenced-code-blocks'].run("```pycon\n" + dedented + "```\n")
+
+        lines = match.group(0).splitlines(0)
+        _dedentlines(lines)
+        indent = ' ' * self.md.tab_width
+        s = ('\n'  # separate from possible cuddled paragraph
+             + indent + ('\n'+indent).join(lines)
+             + '\n')
+        return s
+
+    def run(self, text):
+        less_than_tab = self.md.tab_width - 1
+        _pyshell_block_re = re.compile(r"""
+            ^([ ]{0,%d})>>>[ ].*\n  # first line
+            ^(\1[^\S\n]*\S.*\n)*    # any number of subsequent lines with at least one character
+            (?=^\1?\n|\Z)           # ends with a blank line or end of document
+            """ % less_than_tab, re.M | re.X)
+
+        return _pyshell_block_re.sub(self.sub, text)
+
+
+class SmartyPants(Extra):
+    '''
+    Replaces ' and " with curly quotation marks or curly
+    apostrophes.  Replaces --, ---, ..., and . . . with en dashes, em dashes,
+    and ellipses.
+    '''
+    name = 'smarty-pants'
+    order = (), (Stage.SPAN_GAMUT,)
+
+    _opening_single_quote_re = re.compile(r"(?<!\S)'(?=\S)")
+    _opening_double_quote_re = re.compile(r'(?<!\S)"(?=\S)')
+    _closing_single_quote_re = re.compile(r"(?<=\S)'")
+    _closing_double_quote_re = re.compile(r'(?<=\S)"(?=(\s|,|;|\.|\?|!|$))')
+    # "smarty-pants" extra: Very liberal in interpreting a single prime as an
+    # apostrophe; e.g. ignores the fact that "round", "bout", "twer", and
+    # "twixt" can be written without an initial apostrophe. This is fine because
+    # using scare quotes (single quotation marks) is rare.
+    _apostrophe_year_re = re.compile(r"'(\d\d)(?=(\s|,|;|\.|\?|!|$))")
+    _contractions = ["tis", "twas", "twer", "neath", "o", "n",
+        "round", "bout", "twixt", "nuff", "fraid", "sup"]
+
+
+    def contractions(self, text):
+        text = self._apostrophe_year_re.sub(r"&#8217;\1", text)
+        for c in self._contractions:
+            text = text.replace("'%s" % c, "&#8217;%s" % c)
+            text = text.replace("'%s" % c.capitalize(),
+                "&#8217;%s" % c.capitalize())
+        return text
+
+    def run(self, text):
+        """Fancifies 'single quotes', "double quotes", and apostrophes.
+        Converts --, ---, and ... into en dashes, em dashes, and ellipses.
+
+        Inspiration is: <http://daringfireball.net/projects/smartypants/>
+        See "test/tm-cases/smarty_pants.text" for a full discussion of the
+        support here and
+        <http://code.google.com/p/python-markdown2/issues/detail?id=42> for a
+        discussion of some diversion from the original SmartyPants.
+        """
+        if "'" in text:  # guard for perf
+            text = self.contractions(text)
+            text = self._opening_single_quote_re.sub("&#8216;", text)
+            text = self._closing_single_quote_re.sub("&#8217;", text)
+
+        if '"' in text:  # guard for perf
+            text = self._opening_double_quote_re.sub("&#8220;", text)
+            text = self._closing_double_quote_re.sub("&#8221;", text)
+
+        text = text.replace("---", "&#8212;")
+        text = text.replace("--", "&#8211;")
+        text = text.replace("...", "&#8230;")
+        text = text.replace(" . . . ", "&#8230;")
+        text = text.replace(". . .", "&#8230;")
+
+        # TODO: Temporary hack to fix https://github.com/trentm/python-markdown2/issues/150
+        if "footnotes" in self.md.extras and "footnote-ref" in text:
+            # Quotes in the footnote back ref get converted to "smart" quotes
+            # Change them back here to ensure they work.
+            text = text.replace('class="footnote-ref&#8221;', 'class="footnote-ref"')
+
+        return text
+
+    def test(self, text):
+        return "'" in text or '"' in text
+
+
+class Strike(Extra):
+    '''
+    Text inside of double tilde is ~~strikethrough~~
+    '''
+    name = 'strike'
+    order = (Stage.ITALIC_AND_BOLD,), ()
+
+    _strike_re = re.compile(r"~~(?=\S)(.+?)(?<=\S)~~", re.S)
+
+    def run(self, text):
+        return self._strike_re.sub(r"<s>\1</s>", text)
+
+    def test(self, text):
+        return '~~' in text
+
+
+class Tables(Extra):
+    '''
+    Tables using the same format as GFM
+    <https://help.github.com/articles/github-flavored-markdown#tables> and
+    PHP-Markdown Extra <https://michelf.ca/projects/php-markdown/extra/#table>.
+    '''
+    name = 'tables'
+    order = (), (Stage.LISTS,)
+
+    def run(self, text):
+        """Copying PHP-Markdown and GFM table syntax. Some regex borrowed from
+        https://github.com/michelf/php-markdown/blob/lib/Michelf/Markdown.php#L2538
+        """
+        less_than_tab = self.md.tab_width - 1
+        table_re = re.compile(r'''
+                (?:(?<=\n)|\A\n?)             # leading blank line
+
+                ^[ ]{0,%d}                      # allowed whitespace
+                (.*[|].*)[ ]*\n                   # $1: header row (at least one pipe)
+
+                ^[ ]{0,%d}                      # allowed whitespace
+                (                               # $2: underline row
+                    # underline row with leading bar
+                    (?:  \|\ *:?-+:?\ *  )+  \|? \s?[ ]*\n
+                    |
+                    # or, underline row without leading bar
+                    (?:  \ *:?-+:?\ *\|  )+  (?:  \ *:?-+:?\ *  )? \s?[ ]*\n
+                )
+
+                (                               # $3: data rows
+                    (?:
+                        ^[ ]{0,%d}(?!\ )         # ensure line begins with 0 to less_than_tab spaces
+                        .*\|.*[ ]*\n
+                    )+
+                )
+            ''' % (less_than_tab, less_than_tab, less_than_tab), re.M | re.X)
+        return table_re.sub(self.sub, text)
+
+    def sub(self, match):
+        trim_space_re = '^[ \t\n]+|[ \t\n]+$'
+        trim_bar_re = r'^\||\|$'
+        split_bar_re = r'^\||(?<![\`\\])\|'
+        escape_bar_re = r'\\\|'
+
+        head, underline, body = match.groups()
+
+        # Determine aligns for columns.
+        cols = [re.sub(escape_bar_re, '|', cell.strip()) for cell in re.split(split_bar_re, re.sub(trim_bar_re, "", re.sub(trim_space_re, "", underline)))]
+        align_from_col_idx = {}
+        for col_idx, col in enumerate(cols):
+            if col[0] == ':' and col[-1] == ':':
+                align_from_col_idx[col_idx] = ' style="text-align:center;"'
+            elif col[0] == ':':
+                align_from_col_idx[col_idx] = ' style="text-align:left;"'
+            elif col[-1] == ':':
+                align_from_col_idx[col_idx] = ' style="text-align:right;"'
+
+        # thead
+        hlines = ['<table%s>' % self.md._html_class_str_from_tag('table'), '<thead%s>' % self.md._html_class_str_from_tag('thead'), '<tr>']
+        cols = [re.sub(escape_bar_re, '|', cell.strip()) for cell in re.split(split_bar_re, re.sub(trim_bar_re, "", re.sub(trim_space_re, "", head)))]
+        for col_idx, col in enumerate(cols):
+            hlines.append('  <th%s>%s</th>' % (
+                align_from_col_idx.get(col_idx, ''),
+                self.md._run_span_gamut(col)
+            ))
+        hlines.append('</tr>')
+        hlines.append('</thead>')
+
+        # tbody
+        hlines.append('<tbody>')
+        for line in body.strip('\n').split('\n'):
+            hlines.append('<tr>')
+            cols = [re.sub(escape_bar_re, '|', cell.strip()) for cell in re.split(split_bar_re, re.sub(trim_bar_re, "", re.sub(trim_space_re, "", line)))]
+            for col_idx, col in enumerate(cols):
+                hlines.append('  <td%s>%s</td>' % (
+                    align_from_col_idx.get(col_idx, ''),
+                    self.md._run_span_gamut(col)
+                ))
+            hlines.append('</tr>')
+        hlines.append('</tbody>')
+        hlines.append('</table>')
+
+        return '\n'.join(hlines) + '\n'
+
+    def test(self, text):
+        return True
+
+
+class TelegramSpoiler(Extra):
+    name = 'tg-spoiler'
+    order = (), (Stage.ITALIC_AND_BOLD,)
+
+    _tg_spoiler_re = re.compile(r"\|\|\s?(.+?)\s?\|\|", re.S)
+
+    def run(self, text):
+        return self._tg_spoiler_re.sub(r"<tg-spoiler>\1</tg-spoiler>", text)
+
+    def test(self, text):
+        return '||' in text
+
+
+class Underline(Extra):
+    '''
+    Text inside of double dash is --underlined--.
+    '''
+    name = 'underline'
+    order = (Stage.ITALIC_AND_BOLD,), ()
+
+    _underline_re = re.compile(r"(?<!<!)--(?!>)(?=\S)(.+?)(?<=\S)(?<!<!)--(?!>)", re.S)
+
+    def run(self, text):
+        return self._underline_re.sub(r"<u>\1</u>", text)
+
+    def test(self, text):
+        return '--' in text
+
+
+class Wavedrom(Extra):
+    '''
+    Support for generating Wavedrom digital timing diagrams
+    '''
+    name = 'wavedrom'
+    order = (Stage.CODE_BLOCKS, FencedCodeBlocks), ()
+
+    def test(self, text):
+        match = FencedCodeBlocks.fenced_code_block_re.search(text)
+        return match is None or match.group(2) == 'wavedrom'
+
+    def sub(self, match):
+        # dedent the block for processing
+        lead_indent, waves = self.md._uniform_outdent(match.group(3))
+        # default tags to wrap the wavedrom block in
+        open_tag, close_tag = '<script type="WaveDrom">\n', '</script>'
+
+        # check if the user would prefer to have the SVG embedded directly
+        embed_svg = self.options.get('prefer_embed_svg', True)
+
+        if embed_svg:
+            try:
+                import wavedrom
+                waves = wavedrom.render(waves).tostring()
+                open_tag, close_tag = '<div>', '\n</div>'
+            except ImportError:
+                pass
+
+        # hash SVG to prevent <> chars being messed with
+        self.md._escape_table[waves] = _hash_text(waves)
+
+        return self.md._uniform_indent(
+            '\n%s%s%s\n' % (open_tag, self.md._escape_table[waves], close_tag),
+            lead_indent, include_empty_lines=True
+        )
+
+    def run(self, text):
+        return FencedCodeBlocks.fenced_code_block_re.sub(self.sub, text)
+
+
+class WikiTables(Extra):
+    '''
+    Google Code Wiki-style tables. See
+    <http://code.google.com/p/support/wiki/WikiSyntax#Tables>.
+    '''
+    name = 'wiki-tables'
+    order = (Tables,), ()
+
+    def run(self, text):
+        less_than_tab = self.md.tab_width - 1
+        wiki_table_re = re.compile(r'''
+            (?:(?<=\n\n)|\A\n?)            # leading blank line
+            ^([ ]{0,%d})\|\|.+?\|\|[ ]*\n  # first line
+            (^\1\|\|.+?\|\|\n)*        # any number of subsequent lines
+            ''' % less_than_tab, re.M | re.X)
+        return wiki_table_re.sub(self.sub, text)
+
+    def sub(self, match):
+        ttext = match.group(0).strip()
+        rows = []
+        for line in ttext.splitlines(0):
+            line = line.strip()[2:-2].strip()
+            row = [c.strip() for c in re.split(r'(?<!\\)\|\|', line)]
+            rows.append(row)
+
+        hlines = []
+
+        def add_hline(line, indents=0):
+            hlines.append((self.md.tab * indents) + line)
+
+        def format_cell(text):
+            return self.md._run_span_gamut(re.sub(r"^\s*~", "", cell).strip(" "))
+
+        add_hline('<table%s>' % self.md._html_class_str_from_tag('table'))
+        # Check if first cell of first row is a header cell. If so, assume the whole row is a header row.
+        if rows and rows[0] and re.match(r"^\s*~", rows[0][0]):
+            add_hline('<thead%s>' % self.md._html_class_str_from_tag('thead'), 1)
+            add_hline('<tr>', 2)
+            for cell in rows[0]:
+                add_hline("<th>{}</th>".format(format_cell(cell)), 3)
+            add_hline('</tr>', 2)
+            add_hline('</thead>', 1)
+            # Only one header row allowed.
+            rows = rows[1:]
+        # If no more rows, don't create a tbody.
+        if rows:
+            add_hline('<tbody>', 1)
+            for row in rows:
+                add_hline('<tr>', 2)
+                for cell in row:
+                    add_hline('<td>{}</td>'.format(format_cell(cell)), 3)
+                add_hline('</tr>', 2)
+            add_hline('</tbody>', 1)
+        add_hline('</table>')
+        return '\n'.join(hlines) + '\n'
+
+    def test(self, text):
+        return '||' in text
+
+
+# Register extras
+Admonitions.register()
+Breaks.register()
+CodeFriendly.register()
+FencedCodeBlocks.register()
+Latex.register()
+LinkPatterns.register()
+MarkdownInHTML.register()
+MiddleWordEm.register()
+Mermaid.register()
+Numbering.register()
+PyShell.register()
+SmartyPants.register()
+Strike.register()
+Tables.register()
+TelegramSpoiler.register()
+Underline.register()
+Wavedrom.register()
+WikiTables.register()
+
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+# ---- internal support functions
+
+
+def calculate_toc_html(toc):
+    """Return the HTML for the current TOC.
+
+    This expects the `_toc` attribute to have been set on this instance.
+    """
+    if toc is None:
+        return None
+
+    def indent():
+        return '  ' * (len(h_stack) - 1)
+    lines = []
+    h_stack = [0]   # stack of header-level numbers
+    for level, id, name in toc:
+        if level > h_stack[-1]:
+            lines.append("%s<ul>" % indent())
+            h_stack.append(level)
+        elif level == h_stack[-1]:
+            lines[-1] += "</li>"
+        else:
+            while level < h_stack[-1]:
+                h_stack.pop()
+                if not lines[-1].endswith("</li>"):
+                    lines[-1] += "</li>"
+                lines.append("%s</ul></li>" % indent())
+        lines.append('%s<li><a href="#%s">%s</a>' % (
+            indent(), id, name))
+    while len(h_stack) > 1:
+        h_stack.pop()
+        if not lines[-1].endswith("</li>"):
+            lines[-1] += "</li>"
+        lines.append("%s</ul>" % indent())
+    return '\n'.join(lines) + '\n'
+
+
+class UnicodeWithAttrs(str):
+    """A subclass of unicode used for the return value of conversion to
+    possibly attach some attributes. E.g. the "toc_html" attribute when
+    the "toc" extra is used.
+    """
+    metadata = None
+    toc_html = None
+
+## {{{ http://code.activestate.com/recipes/577257/ (r1)
+_slugify_strip_re = re.compile(r'[^\w\s-]')
+_slugify_hyphenate_re = re.compile(r'[-\s]+')
+def _slugify(value):
+    """
+    Normalizes string, converts to lowercase, removes non-alpha characters,
+    and converts spaces to hyphens.
+
+    From Django's "django/template/defaultfilters.py".
+    """
+    import unicodedata
+    value = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', value).encode('utf-8', 'ignore').decode()
+    value = _slugify_strip_re.sub('', value).strip().lower()
+    return _slugify_hyphenate_re.sub('-', value)
+## end of http://code.activestate.com/recipes/577257/ }}}
+
+
+# From http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/52549
+def _curry(*args, **kwargs):
+    function, args = args[0], args[1:]
+    def result(*rest, **kwrest):
+        combined = kwargs.copy()
+        combined.update(kwrest)
+        return function(*args + rest, **combined)
+    return result
+
+
+# Recipe: regex_from_encoded_pattern (1.0)
+def _regex_from_encoded_pattern(s):
+    """'foo'    -> re.compile(re.escape('foo'))
+       '/foo/'  -> re.compile('foo')
+       '/foo/i' -> re.compile('foo', re.I)
+    """
+    if s.startswith('/') and s.rfind('/') != 0:
+        # Parse it: /PATTERN/FLAGS
+        idx = s.rfind('/')
+        _, flags_str = s[1:idx], s[idx+1:]
+        flag_from_char = {
+            "i": re.IGNORECASE,
+            "l": re.LOCALE,
+            "s": re.DOTALL,
+            "m": re.MULTILINE,
+            "u": re.UNICODE,
+        }
+        flags = 0
+        for char in flags_str:
+            try:
+                flags |= flag_from_char[char]
+            except KeyError:
+                raise ValueError("unsupported regex flag: '%s' in '%s' "
+                                 "(must be one of '%s')"
+                                 % (char, s, ''.join(list(flag_from_char.keys()))))
+        return re.compile(s[1:idx], flags)
+    else:  # not an encoded regex
+        return re.compile(re.escape(s))
+
+
+# Recipe: dedent (0.1.2)
+def _dedentlines(lines, tabsize=8, skip_first_line=False):
+    """_dedentlines(lines, tabsize=8, skip_first_line=False) -> dedented lines
+
+        "lines" is a list of lines to dedent.
+        "tabsize" is the tab width to use for indent width calculations.
+        "skip_first_line" is a boolean indicating if the first line should
+            be skipped for calculating the indent width and for dedenting.
+            This is sometimes useful for docstrings and similar.
+
+    Same as dedent() except operates on a sequence of lines. Note: the
+    lines list is modified **in-place**.
+    """
+    DEBUG = False
+    if DEBUG:
+        print("dedent: dedent(..., tabsize=%d, skip_first_line=%r)"\
+              % (tabsize, skip_first_line))
+    margin = None
+    for i, line in enumerate(lines):
+        if i == 0 and skip_first_line: continue
+        indent = 0
+        for ch in line:
+            if ch == ' ':
+                indent += 1
+            elif ch == '\t':
+                indent += tabsize - (indent % tabsize)
+            elif ch in '\r\n':
+                continue  # skip all-whitespace lines
+            else:
+                break
+        else:
+            continue  # skip all-whitespace lines
+        if DEBUG: print("dedent: indent=%d: %r" % (indent, line))
+        if margin is None:
+            margin = indent
+        else:
+            margin = min(margin, indent)
+    if DEBUG: print("dedent: margin=%r" % margin)
+
+    if margin is not None and margin > 0:
+        for i, line in enumerate(lines):
+            if i == 0 and skip_first_line: continue
+            removed = 0
+            for j, ch in enumerate(line):
+                if ch == ' ':
+                    removed += 1
+                elif ch == '\t':
+                    removed += tabsize - (removed % tabsize)
+                elif ch in '\r\n':
+                    if DEBUG: print("dedent: %r: EOL -> strip up to EOL" % line)
+                    lines[i] = lines[i][j:]
+                    break
+                else:
+                    raise ValueError("unexpected non-whitespace char %r in "
+                                     "line %r while removing %d-space margin"
+                                     % (ch, line, margin))
+                if DEBUG:
+                    print("dedent: %r: %r -> removed %d/%d"\
+                          % (line, ch, removed, margin))
+                if removed == margin:
+                    lines[i] = lines[i][j+1:]
+                    break
+                elif removed > margin:
+                    lines[i] = ' '*(removed-margin) + lines[i][j+1:]
+                    break
+            else:
+                if removed:
+                    lines[i] = lines[i][removed:]
+    return lines
+
+
+def _dedent(text, tabsize=8, skip_first_line=False):
+    """_dedent(text, tabsize=8, skip_first_line=False) -> dedented text
+
+        "text" is the text to dedent.
+        "tabsize" is the tab width to use for indent width calculations.
+        "skip_first_line" is a boolean indicating if the first line should
+            be skipped for calculating the indent width and for dedenting.
+            This is sometimes useful for docstrings and similar.
+
+    textwrap.dedent(s), but don't expand tabs to spaces
+    """
+    lines = text.splitlines(1)
+    _dedentlines(lines, tabsize=tabsize, skip_first_line=skip_first_line)
+    return ''.join(lines)
+
+
+class _memoized(object):
+    """Decorator that caches a function's return value each time it is called.
+    If called later with the same arguments, the cached value is returned, and
+    not re-evaluated.
+
+    http://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonDecoratorLibrary
+    """
+    def __init__(self, func):
+        self.func = func
+        self.cache = {}
+
+    def __call__(self, *args):
+        try:
+            return self.cache[args]
+        except KeyError:
+            self.cache[args] = value = self.func(*args)
+            return value
+        except TypeError:
+            # uncachable -- for instance, passing a list as an argument.
+            # Better to not cache than to blow up entirely.
+            return self.func(*args)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        """Return the function's docstring."""
+        return self.func.__doc__
+
+
+def _xml_oneliner_re_from_tab_width(tab_width):
+    """Standalone XML processing instruction regex."""
+    return re.compile(r"""
+        (?:
+            (?<=\n\n)       # Starting after a blank line
+            |               # or
+            \A\n?           # the beginning of the doc
+        )
+        (                           # save in $1
+            [ ]{0,%d}
+            (?:
+                <\?\w+\b\s+.*?\?>   # XML processing instruction
+                |
+                <\w+:\w+\b\s+.*?/>  # namespaced single tag
+            )
+            [ \t]*
+            (?=\n{2,}|\Z)       # followed by a blank line or end of document
+        )
+        """ % (tab_width - 1), re.X)
+_xml_oneliner_re_from_tab_width = _memoized(_xml_oneliner_re_from_tab_width)
+
+
+def _hr_tag_re_from_tab_width(tab_width):
+    return re.compile(r"""
+        (?:
+            (?<=\n\n)       # Starting after a blank line
+            |               # or
+            \A\n?           # the beginning of the doc
+        )
+        (                       # save in \1
+            [ ]{0,%d}
+            <(hr)               # start tag = \2
+            \b                  # word break
+            ([^<>])*?           #
+            /?>                 # the matching end tag
+            [ \t]*
+            (?=\n{2,}|\Z)       # followed by a blank line or end of document
+        )
+        """ % (tab_width - 1), re.X)
+_hr_tag_re_from_tab_width = _memoized(_hr_tag_re_from_tab_width)
+
+
+def _xml_escape_attr(attr, skip_single_quote=True):
+    """Escape the given string for use in an HTML/XML tag attribute.
+
+    By default this doesn't bother with escaping `'` to `&#39;`, presuming that
+    the tag attribute is surrounded by double quotes.
+    """
+    escaped = _AMPERSAND_RE.sub('&amp;', attr)
+
+    escaped = (attr
+        .replace('"', '&quot;')
+        .replace('<', '&lt;')
+        .replace('>', '&gt;'))
+    if not skip_single_quote:
+        escaped = escaped.replace("'", "&#39;")
+    return escaped
+
+
+def _xml_encode_email_char_at_random(ch):
+    r = random()
+    # Roughly 10% raw, 45% hex, 45% dec.
+    # '@' *must* be encoded. I [John Gruber] insist.
+    # Issue 26: '_' must be encoded.
+    if r > 0.9 and ch not in "@_":
+        return ch
+    elif r < 0.45:
+        # The [1:] is to drop leading '0': 0x63 -> x63
+        return '&#%s;' % hex(ord(ch))[1:]
+    else:
+        return '&#%s;' % ord(ch)
+
+
+def _html_escape_url(attr, safe_mode=False, charset=None):
+    """
+    Replace special characters that are potentially malicious in url string.
+
+    Args:
+        charset: don't escape characters from this charset. Currently the only
+            exception is for '+' when charset=='base64'
+    """
+    escaped = (attr
+        .replace('"', '&quot;')
+        .replace('<', '&lt;')
+        .replace('>', '&gt;'))
+    if safe_mode:
+        if charset != 'base64':
+            escaped = escaped.replace('+', ' ')
+        escaped = escaped.replace("'", "&#39;")
+    return escaped
+
+
+# ---- mainline
+
+class _NoReflowFormatter(argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter):
+    """An argparse formatter that does NOT reflow the description."""
+    def format_description(self, description):
+        return description or ""
+
+
+def _test():
+    import doctest
+    doctest.testmod()
+
+
+def main(argv=None):
+    if argv is None:
+        argv = sys.argv
+    if not logging.root.handlers:
+        logging.basicConfig()
+
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        prog="markdown2", description=cmdln_desc, usage='%(prog)s [PATHS...]',
+        formatter_class=_NoReflowFormatter
+    )
+    parser.add_argument('--version', action='version',
+                        version='%(prog)s {version}'.format(version=__version__))
+    parser.add_argument('paths', nargs='*',
+                        help=(
+                            'optional list of files to convert.'
+                            'If none are given, stdin will be used'
+                        ))
+    parser.add_argument("-v", "--verbose", dest="log_level",
+                      action="store_const", const=logging.DEBUG,
+                      help="more verbose output")
+    parser.add_argument("--encoding",
+                      help="specify encoding of text content")
+    parser.add_argument("--html4tags", action="store_true", default=False,
+                      help="use HTML 4 style for empty element tags")
+    parser.add_argument("-s", "--safe", metavar="MODE", dest="safe_mode",
+                      help="sanitize literal HTML: 'escape' escapes "
+                           "HTML meta chars, 'replace' replaces with an "
+                           "[HTML_REMOVED] note")
+    parser.add_argument("-x", "--extras", action="append",
+                      help="Turn on specific extra features (not part of "
+                           "the core Markdown spec). See above.")
+    parser.add_argument("--use-file-vars",
+                      help="Look for and use Emacs-style 'markdown-extras' "
+                           "file var to turn on extras. See "
+                           "<https://github.com/trentm/python-markdown2/wiki/Extras>")
+    parser.add_argument("--link-patterns-file",
+                      help="path to a link pattern file")
+    parser.add_argument("--self-test", action="store_true",
+                      help="run internal self-tests (some doctests)")
+    parser.add_argument("--compare", action="store_true",
+                      help="run against Markdown.pl as well (for testing)")
+    parser.set_defaults(log_level=logging.INFO, compare=False,
+                        encoding="utf-8", safe_mode=None, use_file_vars=False)
+    opts = parser.parse_args()
+    paths = opts.paths
+    log.setLevel(opts.log_level)
+
+    if opts.self_test:
+        return _test()
+
+    if opts.extras:
+        extras = {}
+        for s in opts.extras:
+            splitter = re.compile("[,;: ]+")
+            for e in splitter.split(s):
+                if '=' in e:
+                    ename, earg = e.split('=', 1)
+                    try:
+                        earg = int(earg)
+                    except ValueError:
+                        pass
+                else:
+                    ename, earg = e, None
+                extras[ename] = earg
+    else:
+        extras = None
+
+    if opts.link_patterns_file:
+        link_patterns = []
+        f = open(opts.link_patterns_file)
+        try:
+            for i, line in enumerate(f.readlines()):
+                if not line.strip(): continue
+                if line.lstrip().startswith("#"): continue
+                try:
+                    pat, href = line.rstrip().rsplit(None, 1)
+                except ValueError:
+                    raise MarkdownError("%s:%d: invalid link pattern line: %r"
+                                        % (opts.link_patterns_file, i+1, line))
+                link_patterns.append(
+                    (_regex_from_encoded_pattern(pat), href))
+        finally:
+            f.close()
+    else:
+        link_patterns = None
+
+    from os.path import abspath, dirname, exists, join
+    markdown_pl = join(dirname(dirname(abspath(__file__))), "test",
+                       "Markdown.pl")
+    if not paths:
+        paths = ['-']
+    for path in paths:
+        if path == '-':
+            text = sys.stdin.read()
+        else:
+            fp = codecs.open(path, 'r', opts.encoding)
+            text = fp.read()
+            fp.close()
+        if opts.compare:
+            from subprocess import PIPE, Popen
+            print("==== Markdown.pl ====")
+            p = Popen('perl %s' % markdown_pl, shell=True, stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, close_fds=True)
+            p.stdin.write(text.encode('utf-8'))
+            p.stdin.close()
+            perl_html = p.stdout.read().decode('utf-8')
+            sys.stdout.write(perl_html)
+            print("==== markdown2.py ====")
+        html = markdown(text,
+            html4tags=opts.html4tags,
+            safe_mode=opts.safe_mode,
+            extras=extras, link_patterns=link_patterns,
+            use_file_vars=opts.use_file_vars,
+            cli=True)
+        sys.stdout.write(html)
+        if extras and "toc" in extras:
+            log.debug("toc_html: " +
+                str(html.toc_html.encode(sys.stdout.encoding or "utf-8", 'xmlcharrefreplace')))
+        if opts.compare:
+            test_dir = join(dirname(dirname(abspath(__file__))), "test")
+            if exists(join(test_dir, "test_markdown2.py")):
+                sys.path.insert(0, test_dir)
+                from test_markdown2 import norm_html_from_html
+                norm_html = norm_html_from_html(html)
+                norm_perl_html = norm_html_from_html(perl_html)
+            else:
+                norm_html = html
+                norm_perl_html = perl_html
+            print("==== match? %r ====" % (norm_perl_html == norm_html))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main(sys.argv))
diff --git a/poetry.lock b/poetry.lock
index 1e24b75..3b91ae2 100644
--- a/poetry.lock
+++ b/poetry.lock
@@ -164,14 +164,25 @@ MarkupSafe = ">=2.0"
 i18n = ["Babel (>=2.7)"]
 
 [[package]]
+name = "latex2mathml"
+version = "3.77.0"
+description = "Pure Python library for LaTeX to MathML conversion"
+optional = false
+python-versions = ">=3.8.1,<4.0.0"
+files = [
+    {file = "latex2mathml-3.77.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:5531e18a2a9eae7c24e257118b6a444cbba253cd27ff3e81f1bd6c41e88e786e"},
+    {file = "latex2mathml-3.77.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:e2f501d1878f2e489c3f6f12786bef74c62f712d2770f7f3c837eb20a55d0a1e"},
+]
+
+[[package]]
 name = "markdown2"
-version = "2.4.12"
+version = "2.4.13"
 description = "A fast and complete Python implementation of Markdown"
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.5, <4"
 files = [
-    {file = "markdown2-2.4.12-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:98f47591006f0ace0644cbece03fed6f3845513286f6c6e9f8bcf6a575174e2c"},
-    {file = "markdown2-2.4.12.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:1bc8692696954d597778e0e25713c14ca56d87992070dedd95c17eddaf709204"},
+    {file = "markdown2-2.4.13-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:855bde5cbcceb9beda7c80efdf7f406c23e6079172c497fcfce22fdce998e892"},
+    {file = "markdown2-2.4.13.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:18ceb56590da77f2c22382e55be48c15b3c8f0c71d6398def387275e6c347a9f"},
 ]
 
 [package.extras]
@@ -275,70 +286,89 @@ webpush = ["cryptography (>=1.6.0)", "http-ece (>=1.0.5)"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pillow"
-version = "10.0.1"
+version = "10.3.0"
 description = "Python Imaging Library (Fork)"
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.8"
 files = [
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+    {file = "pillow-10.3.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:9d2455fbf44c914840c793e89aa82d0e1763a14253a000743719ae5946814b2d"},
 ]
 
 [package.extras]
 docs = ["furo", "olefile", "sphinx (>=2.4)", "sphinx-copybutton", "sphinx-inline-tabs", "sphinx-removed-in", "sphinxext-opengraph"]
+fpx = ["olefile"]
+mic = ["olefile"]
 tests = ["check-manifest", "coverage", "defusedxml", "markdown2", "olefile", "packaging", "pyroma", "pytest", "pytest-cov", "pytest-timeout"]
+typing = ["typing-extensions"]
+xmp = ["defusedxml"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pygments"
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index b0fa730..8ebcfa6 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -10,10 +10,11 @@ Jinja2 = "^3.1.3"
 markdown2 = "^2.4.10"
 Pygments = "^2.16.1"
 "Mastodon.py" = "^1.8.0"
-Pillow = "10.0.1"
+Pillow = "10.3.0"
 requests = "^2.31.0"
 certifi = "^2023.7.22"
 urllib3 = "^2.0.7"
+latex2mathml = "^3.77.0"
 
 [tool.poetry.dev-dependencies]
 
diff --git a/sass/c-hyde.scss b/sass/c-hyde.scss
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e955d1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sass/c-hyde.scss
@@ -0,0 +1,848 @@
+/* 
+Latex CSS 
+*/
+
+@font-face {
+  font-family: 'Latin Modern';
+  font-style: normal;
+  font-weight: normal;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url('/assets/fonts/LM-regular.woff2') format('woff2'),
+    url('/assets/fonts/LM-regular.woff') format('woff'),
+    url('/assets/fonts/LM-regular.ttf') format('truetype');
+}
+
+@font-face {
+  font-family: 'Latin Modern';
+  font-style: italic;
+  font-weight: normal;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url('/assets/LM-italic.woff2') format('woff2'),
+    url('LM-italic.woff') format('woff'),
+    url('/assets/fonts/LM-italic.ttf') format('truetype');
+}
+
+@font-face {
+  font-family: 'Latin Modern';
+  font-style: normal;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url('/assets/fonts/LM-bold.woff2') format('woff2'),
+    url('/assets/fonts/LM-bold.woff') format('woff'),
+    url('/assets/fonts/LM-bold.ttf') format('truetype');
+}
+
+@font-face {
+  font-family: 'Latin Modern';
+  font-style: italic;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url('/assets/fonts/LM-bold-italic.woff2') format('woff2'),
+    url('/assets/fonts/LM-bold-italic.woff') format('woff'),
+    url('/assets/fonts/LM-bold-italic.ttf') format('truetype');
+}
+
+@font-face {
+  font-family: 'Libertinus';
+  font-style: normal;
+  font-weight: normal;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url('/assets/fonts/Libertinus-regular.woff2') format('woff2');
+}
+
+@font-face {
+  font-family: 'Libertinus';
+  font-style: italic;
+  font-weight: normal;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url('/assets/fonts/Libertinus-italic.woff2') format('woff2');
+}
+
+@font-face {
+  font-family: 'Libertinus';
+  font-style: normal;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url('/assets/fonts/Libertinus-bold.woff2') format('woff2');
+}
+
+@font-face {
+  font-family: 'Libertinus';
+  font-style: italic;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url('/assets/fonts/Libertinus-bold-italic.woff2') format('woff2');
+}
+
+@font-face {
+  font-family: 'Libertinus';
+  font-style: normal;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url('/assets/fonts/Libertinus-semibold.woff2') format('woff2');
+}
+
+@font-face {
+  font-family: 'Libertinus';
+  font-style: italic;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  font-display: swap;
+  src: url('/assets/fonts/Libertinus-semibold-italic.woff2') format('woff2');
+}
+
+
+/*
+Port of @mdo's Hyde Theme by Zola
+
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2017 Vincent Prouillet
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+
+/*
+ *                        ___
+ *                       /\_ \
+ *  _____     ___     ___\//\ \      __
+ * /\ '__`\  / __`\  / __`\\ \ \   /'__`\
+ * \ \ \_\ \/\ \_\ \/\ \_\ \\_\ \_/\  __/
+ *  \ \ ,__/\ \____/\ \____//\____\ \____\
+ *   \ \ \/  \/___/  \/___/ \/____/\/____/
+ *    \ \_\
+ *     \/_/
+ *
+ * Designed, built, and released under MIT license by @mdo. Learn more at
+ * https://github.com/poole/poole.
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * Contents
+ *
+ * Body resets
+ * Custom type
+ * Messages
+ * Container
+ * Masthead
+ * Posts and pages
+ * Footnotes
+ * Pagination
+ * Reverse layout
+ * Themes
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * Body resets
+ *
+ * Update the foundational and global aspects of the page.
+ */
+
+* {
+  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
+     -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
+          box-sizing: border-box;
+}
+
+html,
+body {
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+}
+
+html {
+  font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+  font-size: 16px;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+}
+@media (min-width: 38em) {
+  html {
+    font-size: 20px;
+  }
+}
+
+body {
+  color: #515151;
+  background-color: #fff;
+  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
+      -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;
+}
+
+/* No `:visited` state is required by default (browsers will use `a`) */
+a {
+  color: #268bd2;
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+/* `:focus` is linked to `:hover` for basic accessibility */
+a:hover,
+a:focus {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+/* Headings */
+h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
+  margin-bottom: .5rem;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  line-height: 1.25;
+  color: #313131;
+  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
+}
+h1 {
+  font-size: 2rem;
+}
+h2 {
+  margin-top: 1rem;
+  font-size: 1.5rem;
+}
+h3 {
+  margin-top: 1.5rem;
+  font-size: 1.25rem;
+}
+h4, h5, h6 {
+  margin-top: 1rem;
+  font-size: 1rem;
+}
+
+/* Body text */
+p {
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+}
+
+strong {
+  color: #303030;
+}
+
+
+/* Lists */
+ul, ol, dl {
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+}
+
+dt {
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+dd {
+  margin-bottom: .5rem;
+}
+
+/* Misc */
+hr {
+  position: relative;
+  margin: 1.5rem 0;
+  border: 0;
+  border-top: 1px solid #eee;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid #fff;
+}
+
+abbr {
+  font-size: 85%;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  color: #555;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+}
+abbr[title] {
+  cursor: help;
+  border-bottom: 1px dotted #e5e5e5;
+}
+
+/* Code */
+code,
+pre {
+  font-family: Menlo, Monaco, "Courier New", monospace;
+}
+code {
+  padding: .25em .5em;
+  font-size: 85%;
+  color: #bf616a;
+  background-color: #f9f9f9;
+  border-radius: 3px;
+}
+pre {
+  display: block;
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  padding: 1rem;
+  font-size: .8rem;
+  line-height: 1.4;
+  overflow-x: scroll;
+  background-color: #f9f9f9;
+}
+pre code {
+  padding: 0;
+  font-size: 100%;
+  color: inherit;
+  background-color: transparent;
+}
+.highlight {
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+}
+.highlight pre {
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+/* Quotes */
+blockquote {
+  padding: .5rem 1rem;
+  margin: .8rem 0;
+  color: #7a7a7a;
+  border-left: .25rem solid #e5e5e5;
+}
+blockquote p:last-child {
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+@media (min-width: 30em) {
+  blockquote {
+    padding-right: 5rem;
+    padding-left: 1.25rem;
+  }
+}
+
+img {
+  display: block;
+  margin: 0 0 1rem;
+  border-radius: 5px;
+  max-width: 100%;
+}
+
+/* Tables */
+table {
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  width: 100%;
+  border: 1px solid #e5e5e5;
+  border-collapse: collapse;
+}
+td,
+th {
+  padding: .25rem .5rem;
+  border: 1px solid #e5e5e5;
+}
+tbody tr:nth-child(odd) td,
+tbody tr:nth-child(odd) th {
+  background-color: #f9f9f9;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Custom type
+ *
+ * Extend paragraphs with `.lead` for larger introductory text.
+ */
+
+.lead {
+  font-size: 1.25rem;
+  font-weight: 300;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Messages
+ *
+ * Show alert messages to users. You may add it to single elements like a `<p>`,
+ * or to a parent if there are multiple elements to show.
+ */
+
+.message {
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  padding: 1rem;
+  color: #717171;
+  background-color: #f9f9f9;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Container
+ *
+ * Center the page content.
+ */
+
+.container {
+  max-width: 38rem;
+  padding-left:  1rem;
+  padding-right: 1rem;
+  margin-left:  auto;
+  margin-right: auto;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Masthead
+ *
+ * Super small header above the content for site name and short description.
+ */
+
+.masthead {
+  padding-top:    1rem;
+  padding-bottom: 1rem;
+  margin-bottom: 3rem;
+}
+.masthead-title {
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+  color: #505050;
+}
+.masthead-title a {
+  color: #505050;
+}
+.masthead-title small {
+  font-size: 75%;
+  font-weight: 400;
+  color: #c0c0c0;
+  letter-spacing: 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Posts and pages
+ *
+ * Each post is wrapped in `.post` and is used on default and post layouts. Each
+ * page is wrapped in `.page` and is only used on the page layout.
+ */
+
+.page,
+.post {
+  margin-bottom: 4em;
+}
+
+/* Blog post or page title */
+.page-title,
+.post-title,
+.post-title a {
+  color: #303030;
+}
+.page-title,
+.post-title {
+  margin-top: 0;
+}
+
+/* Meta data line below post title */
+.post-date {
+  display: block;
+  margin-top: -.5rem;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  color: #9a9a9a;
+}
+
+/* Related posts */
+.related {
+  padding-top: 2rem;
+  padding-bottom: 2rem;
+  border-top: 1px solid #eee;
+}
+.related-posts {
+  padding-left: 0;
+  list-style: none;
+}
+.related-posts h3 {
+  margin-top: 0;
+}
+.related-posts li small {
+  font-size: 75%;
+  color: #999;
+}
+.related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #268bd2;
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+.related-posts li a:hover small {
+  color: inherit;
+}
+
+
+/* Footnotes */
+.footnote-definition:first-of-type {
+  border-top: 1px solid;
+  padding-top: 1rem;
+}
+.footnote-definition {
+  margin-top: 1rem;
+}
+.footnote-definition sup {
+  margin-left: -1rem;
+  float: left;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Pagination
+ *
+ * Super lightweight (HTML-wise) blog pagination. `span`s are provide for when
+ * there are no more previous or next posts to show.
+ */
+
+.pagination {
+  overflow: hidden; /* clearfix */
+  margin-left: -1rem;
+  margin-right: -1rem;
+  font-family: "PT Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+  color: #ccc;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+
+/* Pagination items can be `span`s or `a`s */
+.pagination-item {
+  display: block;
+  padding: 1rem;
+  border: 1px solid #eee;
+}
+.pagination-item:first-child {
+  margin-bottom: -1px;
+}
+
+/* Only provide a hover state for linked pagination items */
+a.pagination-item:hover {
+  background-color: #f5f5f5;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 30em) {
+  .pagination {
+    margin: 3rem 0;
+  }
+  .pagination-item {
+    float: left;
+    width: 50%;
+  }
+  .pagination-item:first-child {
+    margin-bottom: 0;
+    border-top-left-radius:    4px;
+    border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;
+  }
+  .pagination-item:last-child {
+    margin-left: -1px;
+    border-top-right-radius:    4px;
+    border-bottom-right-radius: 4px;
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+ *  __                  __
+ * /\ \                /\ \
+ * \ \ \___   __  __   \_\ \     __
+ *  \ \  _ `\/\ \/\ \  /'_` \  /'__`\
+ *   \ \ \ \ \ \ \_\ \/\ \_\ \/\  __/
+ *    \ \_\ \_\/`____ \ \___,_\ \____\
+ *     \/_/\/_/`/___/> \/__,_ /\/____/
+ *                /\___/
+ *                \/__/
+ *
+ * Designed, built, and released under MIT license by @mdo. Learn more at
+ * https://github.com/poole/hyde.
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * Contents
+ *
+ * Global resets
+ * Sidebar
+ * Container
+ * Reverse layout
+ * Themes
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * Global resets
+ *
+ * Update the foundational and global aspects of the page.
+ */
+
+html {
+  font-family: "PT Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+}
+@media (min-width: 48em) {
+  html {
+    font-size: 16px;
+  }
+}
+@media (min-width: 58em) {
+  html {
+    font-size: 20px;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Sidebar
+ *
+ * Flexible banner for housing site name, intro, and "footer" content. Starts
+ * out above content in mobile and later moves to the side with wider viewports.
+ */
+
+.sidebar {
+  text-align: center;
+  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
+  color: rgba(255,255,255,.5);
+  background-color: #202020;
+}
+@media (min-width: 48em) {
+  .sidebar {
+    position: fixed;
+    top: 0;
+    left: 0;
+    bottom: 0;
+    width: 18rem;
+    text-align: left;
+  }
+}
+
+/* Sidebar links */
+.sidebar a {
+  color: #fff;
+}
+
+/* About section */
+.sidebar-about h1 {
+  color: #fff;
+  margin-top: 0;
+  font-family: "Abril Fatface", serif;
+  font-size: 3.25rem;
+}
+
+.sidebar-nav {
+  padding-left: 0;
+  list-style: none;
+  font-size: 80%;
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: row;
+  justify-content: space-evenly;
+}
+
+/* Sidebar nav */
+@media (min-width: 48em) {
+  .sidebar-nav {
+    flex-direction: column;
+  }
+}
+
+.sidebar-nav-item {
+  display: block;
+}
+a.sidebar-nav-item:hover,
+a.sidebar-nav-item:focus {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+.sidebar-nav-item.active {
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+/* Sticky sidebar
+ *
+ * Add the `sidebar-sticky` class to the sidebar's container to affix it the
+ * contents to the bottom of the sidebar in tablets and up.
+ */
+
+@media (min-width: 48em) {
+  .sidebar-sticky {
+    position: absolute;
+    right:  1rem;
+    bottom: 1rem;
+    left:   1rem;
+  }
+
+  // The #{} stuff is needed because of https://github.com/sass/sass/issues/2378
+  @supports(padding: m#{a}x(0px)) {
+    body:not(.layout-reverse) .sidebar-sticky {
+        // Notch is to left of sidebar; pad appropriately
+        padding-left: m#{a}x(1rem, env(safe-area-inset-left));
+    }
+
+    .layout-reverse .sidebar-sticky {
+        // Support iPhone X rounded corners and notch in landscape
+        // Notch is to right of sidebar; pad appropriately
+        padding-right: m#{a}x(1rem, env(safe-area-inset-right));
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+
+/* Container
+ *
+ * Align the contents of the site above the proper threshold with some margin-fu
+ * with a 25%-wide `.sidebar`.
+ */
+
+.content {
+  padding-top:    4rem;
+  padding-bottom: 4rem;
+}
+
+@supports(padding: m#{a}x(0px)) {
+  body:not(.layout-reverse) .content {
+      // Notch is to right of content text; pad it appropriately
+      padding-right: m#{a}x(1rem, env(safe-area-inset-right));
+  }
+
+  .layout-reverse .content {
+      // Notch is to left of content text; pad it appropriately
+      padding-left: m#{a}x(1rem, env(safe-area-inset-left));
+  }
+}
+
+
+@media (min-width: 48em) {
+  .content {
+    max-width: 38rem;
+    margin-left: 20rem;
+    margin-right: 2rem;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 64em) {
+  .content {
+    margin-left: 22rem;
+    margin-right: 4rem;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Reverse layout
+ *
+ * Flip the orientation of the page by placing the `.sidebar` on the right.
+ */
+
+@media (min-width: 48em) {
+  .layout-reverse .sidebar {
+    left: auto;
+    right: 0;
+  }
+  .layout-reverse .content {
+    margin-left: 2rem;
+    margin-right: 20rem;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 64em) {
+  .layout-reverse .content {
+    margin-left: 4rem;
+    margin-right: 22rem;
+  }
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+ * Themes
+ *
+ * As of v1.1, Hyde includes optional themes to color the sidebar and links
+ * within blog posts. To use, add the class of your choosing to the `body`.
+ */
+
+/* Base16 (http://chriskempson.github.io/base16/#default) */
+
+/* Red */
+.theme-base-08 .sidebar {
+  background-color: #ac4142;
+}
+.theme-base-08 .content a,
+.theme-base-08 .related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #ac4142;
+}
+
+/* Orange */
+.theme-base-09 .sidebar {
+  background-color: #d28445;
+}
+.theme-base-09 .content a,
+.theme-base-09 .related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #d28445;
+}
+
+/* Yellow */
+.theme-base-0a .sidebar {
+  background-color: #f4bf75;
+}
+.theme-base-0a .content a,
+.theme-base-0a .related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #f4bf75;
+}
+
+/* Green */
+.theme-base-0b .sidebar {
+  background-color: #90a959;
+}
+.theme-base-0b .content a,
+.theme-base-0b .related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #90a959;
+}
+
+/* Cyan */
+.theme-base-0c .sidebar {
+  background-color: #75b5aa;
+}
+.theme-base-0c .content a,
+.theme-base-0c .related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #75b5aa;
+}
+
+/* Blue */
+.theme-base-0d .sidebar {
+  background-color: #6a9fb5;
+}
+.theme-base-0d .content a,
+.theme-base-0d .related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #6a9fb5;
+}
+
+/* Magenta */
+.theme-base-0e .sidebar {
+  background-color: #aa759f;
+}
+.theme-base-0e .content a,
+.theme-base-0e .related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #aa759f;
+}
+
+/* Brown */
+.theme-base-0f .sidebar {
+  background-color: #8f5536;
+}
+.theme-base-0f .content a,
+.theme-base-0f .related-posts li a:hover {
+  color: #8f5536;
+}
+
+
+/* LaTeX Style Reset */
+
+body.libertinus {
+  font-family: 'Libertinus', Georgia, Cambria, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;
+}
+
+body {
+  font-family: 'Latin Modern', Georgia, Cambria, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;
+  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
+} 
+
+
+/* Additional */
+
+.copyright {
+  font-size: 60%;
+  font-family: "PT Sans",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;
+}
+
+.lead {
+  font-family: "PT Sans",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/templates/base.html b/templates/base.html
index 21dd0aa..d0361ce 100644
--- a/templates/base.html
+++ b/templates/base.html
@@ -2,14 +2,27 @@
 <html lang="en">
 <head>
     {% block head %}
-    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/latex.css/style.min.css" />
+    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
+    <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1">
+    <meta name="theme-color" content="#6a9fb5">
+
+    <title>{% block title %}{% endblock %}</title>
+
+    <!--
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/latex.css/style.min.css" /> 
+    -->
+
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/c-hyde.css" />
+
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=PT+Sans:400,400italic,700|Abril+Fatface">
+
     <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/main.css" />
     <meta charset="utf-8">
     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
-    <title>{% block title %}{% endblock %}</title>
     <meta name="og:site_name" content="Navan Chauhan" />
     <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.navan.dev{% block canURL %}{% endblock %}" />
-    <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://web.navan.dev{% block twURL %}{% endblock %} />
+    <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://web.navan.dev{% block twURL %}{% endblock %}" />
     <meta name="og:url" content="https://web.navan.dev{% block ogURL %}{% endblock %}" />
     <meta name="twitter:title" content="{% block twittertitle %}Hey - Home{% endblock %}" />
     <meta name="og:title" content="{% block ogtitle %}Hey - Home{% endblock %}" />
@@ -26,12 +39,14 @@
     <script data-goatcounter="https://navanchauhan.goatcounter.com/count"
         async src="//gc.zgo.at/count.js"></script>
     <script defer data-domain="web.navan.dev" src="https://plausible.io/js/plausible.js"></script>
-    <link rel="manifest" href="manifest.json" />
+    <link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json" />
     {% endblock %}
 </head>
-<body>
-    {% include "header.html" %}
+<body class="theme-base-0d">
+    {% include "sidebar.html" %}
+    <div class="content container">
     {% block body %}{% endblock %}
+    </div>
     <script src="assets/manup.min.js"></script>
     <script src="/pwabuilder-sw-register.js"></script>    
 </body>
diff --git a/templates/header.html b/templates/header.html
index 35a7bf6..097f7b4 100644
--- a/templates/header.html
+++ b/templates/header.html
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 <a href="/">home</a> |
 <a href="/about/">about/links</a> |
 <a href="/posts/">posts</a> |
+<a href="/3D-Designs/">3D designs</a> |
 <!--<a href="/publications/">publications</a> |-->
 <!--<a href="/repo/">iOS repo</a> |-->
 <a href="/feed.rss">RSS Feed</a> |
diff --git a/templates/index.html b/templates/index.html
index 9f68a00..cf2ca69 100644
--- a/templates/index.html
+++ b/templates/index.html
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 <main>
 	{{ content}}
 
-<h2>Recent Posts</h2>
+<h1>Recent Posts</h1>
 <ul>
 {% for post in posts[:5] %}
 	<li><a href="{{post.link}}">{{ post.title }}</a></li>
diff --git a/templates/post.html b/templates/post.html
index 994b661..5bb2b97 100644
--- a/templates/post.html
+++ b/templates/post.html
@@ -14,14 +14,13 @@
 {% block twimage %}{{content.metadata.image_link}}{% endblock %}
 
 {% block body %}
-<main>
-
+	<div class="post">
 	{{ content}}
+	</div>
 	<blockquote>If you have scrolled this far, consider subscribing to my mailing list <a href="https://listmonk.navan.dev/subscription/form">here.</a> You can subscribe to either a specific type of post you are interested in, or subscribe to everything with the "Everything" list.</blockquote>
 	<script data-isso="https://comments.navan.dev/"
         src="https://comments.navan.dev/js/embed.min.js"></script>
 	<section id="isso-thread">
 	    <noscript>Javascript needs to be activated to view comments.</noscript>
 	</section>
-</main>
 {% endblock %}
diff --git a/templates/sidebar.html b/templates/sidebar.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b1f82e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/templates/sidebar.html
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<div class="sidebar">
+    <div class="container sidebar-sticky">
+        <div class="sidebar-about">
+            <h1><a href="/">Navan</a></h1>
+            <p class="lead" id="random-lead">Alea iacta est.</p>
+        </div>
+
+        <ul class="sidebar-nav">
+            <li><a class="sidebar-nav-item" href="/about/">about/links</a></li>
+            <li><a class="sidebar-nav-item" href="/posts/">posts</a></li>
+            <li><a class="sidebar-nav-item" href="/3D-Designs/">3D designs</a></li>
+            <li><a class="sidebar-nav-item" href="/feed.rss">RSS Feed</a></li>
+            <li><a class="sidebar-nav-item" href="/colophon/">colophon</a></li>
+        </ul>
+        <div class="copyright"><p>&copy; 2019-2024. Navan Chauhan <br> <a href="/feed.rss">RSS</a></p></div>
+    </div>
+</div>
+
+<script>
+let phrases = [
+    "Something Funny", "Veni, vidi, vici", "Alea iacta est", "In vino veritas", "Acta, non verba", "Castigat ridendo mores",
+    "Cui bono?", "Memento vivere", "अहम् ब्रह्मास्मि", "अनुगच्छतु प्रवाहं", "चरन्मार्गान्विजानाति", "coq de cheval", "我愛啤酒"
+    ];
+
+let new_phrase = phrases[Math.floor(Math.random()*phrases.length)];
+
+let lead = document.getElementById("random-lead");
+lead.innerText = new_phrase;
+</script>