initial commit

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diff --git a/Tests/SwiftChessNeoTests/SwiftChessNeoTests.swift b/Tests/SwiftChessNeoTests/SwiftChessNeoTests.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..310a53c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tests/SwiftChessNeoTests/SwiftChessNeoTests.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,539 @@
+import XCTest
+@testable import SwiftChessNeo
+
+final class Sage2Tests: XCTestCase {
+    
+    func testBoardInitializer() {
+        XCTAssertEqual(Board(variant: .standard), Board())
+        XCTAssertNotEqual(Board(variant: nil), Board())
+    }
+    
+    func testBoardEquality() {
+        XCTAssertEqual(Board(), Board())
+        XCTAssertEqual(Board(variant: nil), Board(variant: nil))
+        XCTAssertNotEqual(Board(), Board(variant: nil))
+        var board = Board(variant: .standard)
+        board.removePiece(at: .a1)
+        XCTAssertNotEqual(Board(), board)
+    }
+    
+    func testBoardPopulate() {
+         let board = Board()
+         XCTAssertEqual(board.pieces.count, 32)
+         XCTAssertEqual(board.whitePieces.count, 16)
+         XCTAssertEqual(board.blackPieces.count, 16)
+         for file in File.all { for rank in Rank.all {
+             if let piece = board[(file, rank)] {
+                 let color = piece.color
+                 XCTAssertTrue((color.isWhite ? [1, 2] : [7, 8]).contains(rank))
+                 if piece.kind.isPawn {
+                     XCTAssertTrue([2, 7].contains(rank))
+                 } else {
+                     XCTAssertTrue([1, 8].contains(rank))
+                 }
+                     switch piece.kind {
+                     case .pawn:
+                         break
+                     case .knight:
+                         XCTAssertTrue([.b, .g].contains(file))
+                     case .bishop:
+                         XCTAssertTrue([.c, .f].contains(file))
+                     case .rook:
+                         XCTAssertTrue([.a, .h].contains(file))
+                     case .queen:
+                         XCTAssertEqual(file, File.d)
+                     case .king:
+                         XCTAssertEqual(file, File.e)
+                     }
+             } else {
+                 XCTAssertTrue([3, 4, 5, 6].contains(rank))
+             }
+         } }
+         XCTAssertTrue(Board(variant: nil).pieces.isEmpty)
+     }
+
+     func testBoardFromCharacters() {
+         let board = Board(pieces: [["r", "n", "b", "q", "k", "b", "n", "r"],
+                                    ["p", "p", "p", "p", "p", "p", "p", "p"],
+                                    [" ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " "],
+                                    [" ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " "],
+                                    [" ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " "],
+                                    [" ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " "],
+                                    ["P", "P", "P", "P", "P", "P", "P", "P"],
+                                    ["R", "N", "B", "Q", "K", "B", "N", "R"]])
+         XCTAssertEqual(board, Board())
+     }
+
+     func testBoardSequence() {
+         let board = Board()
+         let spaces = Array(board)
+         let pieces = spaces.flatMap({ $0.piece })
+         let whitePieces = pieces.filter({ $0.color.isWhite })
+         let blackPieces = pieces.filter({ $0.color.isBlack })
+         XCTAssertEqual(spaces.count, 64)
+         XCTAssertEqual(pieces.count, 32)
+         XCTAssertEqual(whitePieces.count, 16)
+         XCTAssertEqual(blackPieces.count, 16)
+     }
+
+     func testBoardSubscript() {
+         var board = Board()
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             XCTAssertEqual(Piece(pawn: .white), board[.a2])
+             XCTAssertEqual(Piece(king: .black), board[.e8])
+             let piece = Piece(pawn: .black)
+         #else
+             XCTAssertEqual(Piece(pawn: .White), board[.A2])
+             XCTAssertEqual(Piece(king: .Black), board[.E8])
+             let piece = Piece(pawn: .Black)
+         #endif
+         let location = ("A", 3) as Location
+         XCTAssertNil(board[location])
+         board[location] = piece
+         XCTAssertEqual(board[location], piece)
+         board[location] = nil
+         XCTAssertNil(board[location])
+     }
+
+     func testBoardSwap() {
+         let start = Board()
+         var board = start
+         let location1 = ("D", 1) as Location
+         let location2 = ("F", 2) as Location
+         board.swap(location1, location2)
+         XCTAssertEqual(start[location1], board[location2])
+         XCTAssertEqual(start[location2], board[location1])
+     }
+
+     func testAllFiles() {
+         XCTAssertEqual(File.all, ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h"])
+     }
+
+     func testAllRanks() {
+         XCTAssertEqual(Rank.all, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])
+     }
+
+     func testFileOpposite() {
+         let all = File.all
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             let reversed = all.reversed()
+         #else
+             let reversed = all.reverse()
+         #endif
+         for (a, b) in zip(all, reversed) {
+             XCTAssertEqual(a.opposite(), b)
+         }
+     }
+
+     func testRankOpposite() {
+         let all = Rank.all
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             let reversed = all.reversed()
+         #else
+             let reversed = all.reverse()
+         #endif
+         for (a, b) in zip(all, reversed) {
+             XCTAssertEqual(a.opposite(), b)
+         }
+     }
+
+     func testFileTo() {
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             XCTAssertEqual(File.a.to(.h), File.all)
+             XCTAssertEqual(File.a.to(.a), [File.a])
+         #else
+             XCTAssertEqual(File.A.to(.H), File.all)
+             XCTAssertEqual(File.A.to(.A), [File.A])
+         #endif
+     }
+
+     func testRankTo() {
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             XCTAssertEqual(Rank.one.to(.eight), Rank.all)
+             XCTAssertEqual(Rank.one.to(.one), [Rank.one])
+         #else
+             XCTAssertEqual(Rank.One.to(.Eight), Rank.all)
+             XCTAssertEqual(Rank.One.to(.One), [Rank.One])
+         #endif
+     }
+
+     func testFileBetween() {
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             XCTAssertEqual(File.c.between(.f), [.d, .e])
+             XCTAssertEqual(File.c.between(.d), [])
+             XCTAssertEqual(File.c.between(.c), [])
+         #else
+             XCTAssertEqual(File.C.between(.F), [.D, .E])
+             XCTAssertEqual(File.C.between(.D), [])
+             XCTAssertEqual(File.C.between(.C), [])
+         #endif
+     }
+
+     func testRankBetween() {
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             XCTAssertEqual(Rank.two.between(.five), [.three, .four])
+             XCTAssertEqual(Rank.two.between(.three), [])
+             XCTAssertEqual(Rank.two.between(.two), [])
+         #else
+             XCTAssertEqual(Rank.Two.between(.Five), [.Three, .Four])
+             XCTAssertEqual(Rank.Two.between(.Three), [])
+             XCTAssertEqual(Rank.Two.between(.Two), [])
+         #endif
+     }
+
+     func testFileFromCharacter() {
+         for u in 65...72 {
+             #if swift(>=3)
+                 let scalar = UnicodeScalar(u)!
+             #else
+                 let scalar = UnicodeScalar(u)
+             #endif
+             XCTAssertNotNil(File(Character(scalar)))
+         }
+         for u in 97...104 {
+             #if swift(>=3)
+                 let scalar = UnicodeScalar(u)!
+             #else
+                 let scalar = UnicodeScalar(u)
+             #endif
+             XCTAssertNotNil(File(Character(scalar)))
+         }
+     }
+
+     func testRankFromNumber() {
+         for n in 1...8 {
+             XCTAssertNotNil(Rank(n))
+         }
+     }
+
+     func testMoveEquality() {
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             let move = Move(start: .a1, end: .c3)
+             XCTAssertEqual(move, move)
+             XCTAssertEqual(move, Move(start: .a1, end: .c3))
+             XCTAssertNotEqual(move, Move(start: .a1, end: .b1))
+         #else
+             let move = Move(start: .A1, end: .C3)
+             XCTAssertEqual(move, move)
+             XCTAssertEqual(move, Move(start: .A1, end: .C3))
+             XCTAssertNotEqual(move, Move(start: .A1, end: .B1))
+         #endif
+     }
+
+     func testMoveRotation() {
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             let move = Move(start: .a1, end: .c6)
+             let rotated = move.rotated()
+             XCTAssertEqual(rotated.start, Square.h8)
+             XCTAssertEqual(rotated.end, Square.f3)
+         #else
+             let move = Move(start: .A1, end: .C6)
+             let rotated = move.rotated()
+             XCTAssertEqual(rotated.start, Square.H8)
+             XCTAssertEqual(rotated.end, Square.F3)
+         #endif
+     }
+
+     func testMoveOperator() {
+         for file in File.all { for rank in Rank.all {
+             let start = Square(file: file, rank: rank)
+             let end = Square(file: file.opposite(), rank: rank.opposite())
+             XCTAssertEqual(Move(start: start, end: end), start >>> end)
+         } }
+     }
+
+     func testGameRandomMoves() throws {
+         let game = Game()
+         while let move = game.availableMoves().random() {
+             let enemyColor = game.playerTurn.inverse()
+             let enemyKingSpace = game.board.squareForKing(for: enemyColor)
+             guard move.end != enemyKingSpace else {
+                 let error = "Attempted attack to king for \(enemyColor): \(move.formatted())"
+                     + "\nPosition: " + game.position.fen().debugDescription
+                     + "\nMoves: \(game.playedMoves.formatted())"
+                 XCTFail(error)
+                 return
+             }
+             try game.execute(move: move)
+         }
+         guard let outcome = game.outcome else {
+             XCTFail("Expected outcome for complete game")
+             return
+         }
+         if let color = outcome.winColor {
+             guard game.kingIsChecked && game.board.kingIsChecked(for: color.inverse()) else {
+                 XCTFail("\(color.inverse()) should be in check if \(color) wins")
+                 return
+             }
+         }
+     }
+
+     func testGameFromMoves() throws {
+         let game = Game()
+         while let move = game.availableMoves().random() {
+             try game.execute(uncheckedMove: move)
+         }
+         do {
+             let moves = game.playedMoves
+             let other = try Game(moves: moves)
+             XCTAssertEqual(other.board, game.board)
+             XCTAssertEqual(other.playedMoves, moves)
+         } catch {
+             #if swift(>=3)
+                 let str = String(describing: error)
+             #else
+                 let str = String(error)
+             #endif
+             XCTFail(str)
+         }
+     }
+
+     func testGameDoubleStep() throws {
+         let game = Game()
+         for file in File.all {
+             let move = Move(start: Square(location: (file, 2)), end: Square(location: (file, 5)))
+             XCTAssertThrowsError(try game.execute(move: move)) { error in
+                 #if swift(>=3)
+                     guard case Game.ExecutionError.illegalMove = error else {
+                         XCTFail("Expected MoveExecutionError.IllegalMove, got \(error)")
+                         return
+                     }
+                 #else
+                     guard case Game.ExecutionError.IllegalMove = error else {
+                         XCTFail("Expected MoveExecutionError.IllegalMove, got \(error)")
+                         return
+                     }
+                 #endif
+             }
+         }
+         for file in File.all {
+             try game.execute(move: Move(start: Square(location: (file, 2)), end: Square(location: (file, 4))))
+             try game.execute(move: Move(start: Square(location: (file, 7)), end: Square(location: (file, 5))))
+         }
+     }
+
+     func testGameEnPassant() {
+         let game = Game()
+         do {
+             #if swift(>=3)
+                 try game.execute(move: Move(start: .c2, end: .c4))
+                 try game.execute(move: Move(start: .c7, end: .c6))
+                 try game.execute(move: Move(start: .c4, end: .c5))
+                 try game.execute(move: Move(start: .d7, end: .d5))
+                 try game.execute(move: Move(start: .c5, end: .d6))
+             #else
+                 try game.execute(move: Move(start: .C2, end: .C4))
+                 try game.execute(move: Move(start: .C7, end: .C6))
+                 try game.execute(move: Move(start: .C4, end: .C5))
+                 try game.execute(move: Move(start: .D7, end: .D5))
+                 try game.execute(move: Move(start: .C5, end: .D6))
+             #endif
+         } catch {
+             #if swift(>=3)
+                 let str = String(describing: error)
+             #else
+                 let str = String(error)
+             #endif
+             XCTFail(str)
+         }
+     }
+
+     func testGameWhiteKingSideCastlingRightsAfterRookCapture() {
+         let startFen = "r3k2r/8/8/8/8/8/8/R3K2R b KQkq - 0 1"
+         let startPosition = Game.Position(fen: startFen)!
+         let game = try! Game(position: startPosition)
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             let move = Move(start: .h8, end: .h1)
+         #else
+             let move = Move(start: .H8, end: .H1)
+         #endif
+         try! game.execute(move: move)
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             XCTAssertFalse(game.castlingRights.contains(.whiteKingside))
+         #else
+             XCTAssertFalse(game.castlingRights.contains(.WhiteKingside))
+         #endif
+     }
+
+     func testGameWhiteQueenSideCastlingRightsAfterRookCapture() {
+         let startFen = "r3k2r/8/8/8/8/8/8/R3K2R b KQkq - 0 1"
+         let startPosition = Game.Position(fen: startFen)!
+         let game = try! Game(position: startPosition)
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             let move = Move(start: .a8, end: .a1)
+         #else
+             let move = Move(start: .A8, end: .A1)
+         #endif
+         try! game.execute(move: move)
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             XCTAssertFalse(game.castlingRights.contains(.whiteQueenside))
+         #else
+             XCTAssertFalse(game.castlingRights.contains(.WhiteQueenside))
+         #endif
+     }
+
+     func testGameBlackKingSideCastlingRightsAfterRookCapture() {
+         let startFen = "r3k2r/8/8/8/8/8/8/R3K2R w KQkq - 0 1"
+         let startPosition = Game.Position(fen: startFen)!
+         let game = try! Game(position: startPosition)
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             let move = Move(start: .h1, end: .h8)
+         #else
+             let move = Move(start: .H1, end: .H8)
+         #endif
+         try! game.execute(move: move)
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             XCTAssertFalse(game.castlingRights.contains(.blackKingside))
+         #else
+             XCTAssertFalse(game.castlingRights.contains(.BlackKingside))
+         #endif
+     }
+
+     func testGameBlackQueenSideCastlingRightsAfterRookCapture() {
+         let startFen = "r3k2r/8/8/8/8/8/8/R3K2R w KQkq - 0 1"
+         let startPosition = Game.Position(fen: startFen)!
+         let game = try! Game(position: startPosition)
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             let move = Move(start: .a1, end: .a8)
+         #else
+             let move = Move(start: .A1, end: .A8)
+         #endif
+         try! game.execute(move: move)
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             XCTAssertFalse(game.castlingRights.contains(.blackQueenside))
+         #else
+             XCTAssertFalse(game.castlingRights.contains(.BlackQueenside))
+         #endif
+     }
+
+     func testGameUndoAndRedo() throws {
+         let game = Game()
+         let startBoard = game.board
+         var endBoard = startBoard
+         var moves = [Move]()
+
+         while let move = game.availableMoves().random() {
+             try game.execute(uncheckedMove: move)
+             moves.append(move)
+             endBoard = game.board
+         }
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             var redoMoves = moves.reversed() as [Move]
+         #else
+             var redoMoves = moves.reverse() as [Move]
+         #endif
+
+         while let move = game.moveToUndo() {
+             XCTAssertEqual(move, game.undoMove())
+             XCTAssertEqual(move, moves.popLast())
+         }
+         XCTAssert(moves.isEmpty)
+         XCTAssertEqual(game.board, startBoard)
+
+         while let move = game.moveToRedo() {
+             XCTAssertEqual(move, game.redoMove())
+             XCTAssertEqual(move, redoMoves.popLast())
+         }
+         XCTAssertEqual(game.board, endBoard)
+     }
+
+     func testPGNParsingAndExporting() throws {
+         let immortalGame = String()
+             + "[Event \"London\"]\n"
+             + "[Site \"London\"]\n"
+             + "[Date \"1851.??.??\"]\n"
+             + "[EventDate \"?\"]\n"
+             + "[Round \"?\"]\n"
+             + "[Result \"1-0\"]\n"
+             + "[White \"Adolf Anderssen\"]\n"
+             + "[Black \"Kieseritzky\"]\n"
+             + "[ECO \"C33\"]\n"
+             + "[WhiteElo \"?\"]\n"
+             + "[BlackElo \"?\"]\n"
+             + "[PlyCount \"45\"]\n"
+             + "\n"
+             + "1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4 3.Bc4 Qh4+ 4.Kf1 b5 5.Bxb5 Nf6 6.Nf3 Qh6 7.d3 Nh5 8.Nh4 Qg5\n"
+             + "9.Nf5 c6 10.g4 Nf6 11.Rg1 cxb5 12.h4 Qg6 13.h5 Qg5 14.Qf3 Ng8 15.Bxf4 Qf6\n"
+             + "16.Nc3 Bc5 17.Nd5 Qxb2 18.Bd6 Bxg1 19. e5 Qxa1+ 20. Ke2 Na6 21.Nxg7+ Kd8\n"
+             + "22.Qf6+ Nxf6 23.Be7# 1-0\n"
+
+         let returnGame = String()
+             + "[Event \"F/S Return Match\"]\n"
+             + "[Site \"Belgrade, Serbia Yugoslavia|JUG\"]\n"
+             + "[Date \"1992.11.04\"]\n"
+             + "[Round \"29\"]\n"
+             + "[White \"Fischer, Robert J.\"]\n"
+             + "[Black \"Spassky, Boris V.\"]\n"
+             + "[Result \"1/2-1/2\"]\n"
+             + "\n"
+             + "1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 {This opening is called the Ruy Lopez.}\n"
+             + "4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. h3 Nb8  10. d4 Nbd7\n"
+             + "11. c4 c6 12. cxb5 axb5 13. Nc3 Bb7 14. Bg5 b4 15. Nb1 h6 16. Bh4 c5 17. dxe5\n"
+             + "Nxe4 18. Bxe7 Qxe7 19. exd6 Qf6 20. Nbd2 Nxd6 21. Nc4 Nxc4 22. Bxc4 Nb6\n"
+             + "23. Ne5 Rae8 24. Bxf7+ Rxf7 25. Nxf7 Rxe1+ 26. Qxe1 Kxf7 27. Qe3 Qg5 28. Qxg5\n"
+             + "hxg5 29. b3 Ke6 30. a3 Kd6 31. axb4 cxb4 32. Ra5 Nd5 33. f3 Bc8 34. Kf2 Bf5\n"
+             + "35. Ra7 g6 36. Ra6+ Kc5 37. Ke1 Nf4 38. g3 Nxh3 39. Kd2 Kb5 40. Rd6 Kc5 41. Ra6\n"
+             + "Nf2 42. g4 Bd3 43. Re6 1/2-1/2\n"
+
+         let immortalGamePGN = try PGN(parse: immortalGame)
+         XCTAssertEqual(immortalGamePGN.moves.count, 45)
+         XCTAssertEqual(immortalGamePGN.outcome, Game.Outcome._win(._white))
+         let returnGamePGN = try PGN(parse: returnGame)
+         XCTAssertEqual(returnGamePGN.moves.count, 85)
+         XCTAssertEqual(returnGamePGN.outcome, Game.Outcome._draw)
+
+         let immortalGameExportedPGN = try PGN(parse: immortalGamePGN.exported())
+         let returnGameExportedPGN = try PGN(parse: returnGamePGN.exported())
+         XCTAssertEqual(immortalGameExportedPGN, immortalGamePGN)
+         XCTAssertEqual(returnGameExportedPGN, returnGamePGN)
+         XCTAssertNotEqual(immortalGameExportedPGN, returnGamePGN)
+         XCTAssertNotEqual(returnGameExportedPGN, immortalGamePGN)
+     }
+
+ }
+
+ extension Int {
+
+     static func random(from value: Int) -> Int {
+         #if os(OSX) || os(iOS) || os(watchOS) || os(tvOS)
+             return Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(value)))
+         #elseif os(Linux)
+             srand(.init(time(nil)))
+             return Int(rand() % .init(value))
+         #else
+             fatalError("Unknown OS")
+         #endif
+     }
+
+ }
+
+ extension Array {
+
+     func random() -> Element? {
+         return !self.isEmpty ? self[.random(from: count)] : nil
+     }
+
+ }
+
+ extension Move {
+
+     func formatted() -> String {
+         let result = ".\(start) >>> .\(end)"
+         #if swift(>=3)
+             return result.lowercased()
+         #else
+             return result.uppercaseString
+         #endif
+     }
+
+ }
+
+ extension Sequence where Iterator.Element == Move {
+
+     func formatted() -> String {
+         let values = map { $0.formatted() }
+         let string = values.joined(separator: ", ")
+         return "[" + string + "]"
+     }
+
+ }